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PROCEEDINGS IN CONGRESS 



ON THK OCCASION OK 



THH RHCKFTION AND ACCEPTANCE 



THE STATUE 



General Ulysses S. Grant 



P R E S H N T H I) B Y 



The Grand Army oe the Republic, 



May lu, 1900. 



WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMHNT PRINTING OFFICE. 
1901. 



.. 5S 



STATUE OF GENERAL ULYSSES S. GRANT. 

Reso/vcd by the Senate {t/ie House of A'epreseiitati-ees eo>ieurring). That 
there be printed ami bound, in the form of eulogies, thirteen thousand 
and fifty copies of the proceedings in Congress upon the reception and 
acceptance of the statue of General Ulysses S. Grant, presented by the 
Grand Army of the Republic, of which four thousand shall be for the 
use of the Senate, eight thousand for the use of the House of Representa- 
tives, one thousand to be delivered to the committee of the Grand Army 
of the Republic on the Grant Jlemorial, and the remaining fifty, bound 
in full morocco, to be presented to Mrs, Julia Dent Grant; and the Pub- 
lic Printer is directed to procure a photogravure of said statue and a pho- 
togravure likeness of General Grant to accompany said proceedings. 

Passed the Senate Maj- 29, 1900. 

Passed the House June 5, 1900. 



JOINT RESOLl'TIUN to accept from the national encampment of the Granii Army 
of the Republic a statue i and pedestal I of the late General I'lysses S. Grant. 

Whereas the members of the posts of the Grand Armj- of the Republic, 
desirous of testifying their affectionate and patriotic regard for their 
late comrade General Ulysses S. Grant, have contributed a sum of 
money sufficient for the erection of a statue to his memory; and 
Whereas it is their wish and purpose to present such .statue to the Con- 
gress of the United States to be placed in the Capitol at Washing- 
ton: Therefore, 

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives 0/ the United 
States of America in Congress assembled. That a statue in marble, with 
a proper pedestal, of the late General Ulysses S. Gr.^nt tendered by 
the national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic .shall be 
received and erected in the Capitol of the United States, and shall 
thereupon become the property of the United States: Provided, That 
the design of such statue and pedestal .shall first be submitted to and 
receive the approval of the Joint Conmiittee on the Library. 
Approved, August 14, iSqi.. 
2 



,,^, 1 1903 
D.ofD. 



KESOLL TIUN 

Of the Joint Committee on the Librarx- ap]iro\-iny; the design 
for the statue of General UXYSSES vS. Grant, to he presented 
to Congress by the Grand Army of the Rejmblic. ])assed Ajiril 
30, 1S9S. 

Resolved, That, acting- under autliority of the joint resohition 
"To accept from the national encampment of the Grand Army 
of the Republic a statue (and pedestal) of the late General 
Ui-YSSKS S. Grant," approved August 14, 1890, the Joint 
Committee on the Library approves the design for said statue 
executed b\- Franklin Simmons and submitted this dav bv a 
committee representing the Grand Army of the Republic. 

Geo. Pkakody Wetmork. 

Chairma)! , 
Hknkv C. Hanshkoixvh, 
]•". m. cockkei.i., 

Senate Committee. 
Alfred C. H.vr.mek, 

ChairDiau , 
Lemiei. E. Quigg, 
Amos J. Cummings, 

House Committee. 



THE UNVEILING OF THE STATLE OF GENERAL GRANT. 



The statue of Cieiieral Ui.vssKS S. CrKANT, presented hy his 
comrades of tlie Grand Army of the Republic, stands in the 
Rotunda of the Capitol, as befits the statue of one whose serv- 
ice has been for the whole nation. There it will remain with 
the statues of Hamilton, Jefferson, and Lincoln, which are also 
in the Rotunda, "an example and an insjtiration to future gen- 
erations." The hero of A])pomattox stands near the western 
entrance, appropriately flanked by the famous paintinjjs The 
Surrender of lUirtjoyne and The Surrender of Cornwallis. 

After Ijeing' set up the statue was draped with two lar>je 
American flags. Thus jirotected by the colors of his country. 
the General's form had remained for some days. The unveil- 
ing took place shortly before n(X)n on Saturday, May 19, 1900, 
Miss Vivian Sartoris, granddaughter of General Gr.vnt, draw- 
ing the cord. 

Among tho.se present at the ceremony were the General's 
widow. Mrs. Jidia Dent Grant; his daughter, Mrs. Nellie Grant 
Sartoris; his grandchildren, Miss \'ivian Sartoris and Captain 
Algernon Sartoris; Senator Frye, President pro tempore of the 
Senate; Mr. Henderson. vSpeaker of the House of Representa- 
tives; Senator Hansbrough, of the Library Committee of the 
Senate: Mr, McCleary, Chairman of the Library Committee of 
the House; Sergeant-at-Arms Ransdell of the Senate; Sergeant- 
at-Arms Casson of the House; the following members of the 

5 



6 Unvcilini^ of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 

Grant Memorial Committee of the Grand Army of the Republic: 
Past Commander in Chief Samuel S. Burdett, of Washington, 
District of Columbia, chairman; Past Commander in Chief 
Robert B. Beath.of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, secretary; Past 
Seni<5r \'ice Connnander in Chief Selden Connor, of Portland, 
Maine; Past Junior Vice Department Commander Edmund S. 
Grant, of Middleport, Ohio; and the following of the national 
officers of the Grand Army of the Republic: Chaplain in Chief 
Rev. Jacob L. Grinnn. of Baltimore, Maryland, and Past Depart- 
ment Commander George H. Patrick, of Montgomery, Alabama, 
aid-de-camp, as special representative of Commander in Chief 
Albert D. vShaw, of Watertown, New York. No announcement 
of the hour of tlie unveiling had lieen made, but there were 
in attendance in the Rotunda, nevertheless, quite a number of 
vSenators and Representatives and citizens. 

As was appropriate, the ceremony of the unveiling was very 
simple. Mi.ss Sartoris, attired in white, drew the lanyard, the 
flags which had enveloped the statue fell, and the statue stocxl 
revealed. For a moment there was entire silence, while all 
eagerly scanned the marble semblance of the General. Then, 
as the beauty of the .statue and the perfection of the likene.ss 
became appreciated, there was a burst of generous applause. 
Mrs. Grant inspected the statue critically and smiled her ap- 
proval. 

The party then repaired to the Hall of the House, where the 
ceremonies of the acceptance began shorth- after noon. The 
ceremonies in the vSenate took place at 4 o'clock the same 
afternoon. 

Through the courtesy of vSpeaker Henderson, Mrs. Grant 
and her family occupied, during the exercises in the House, 
the seat of the Speaker in the gallery reserved for the families 
of Representatives. 



STATLE OF GENERAL 1 I ASSES S. GRAM. 



PKOCKEDINCS l\ IHI- HdlSli OF KHI'KESKNT.VriMiS. 



FRIDAY, APRIL. 27, 1900. 

Mr. McCle.vrv. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Commit- 
tee on the Library, I ask unanimous consent for the i)resent 
consideration of the re.sokition which I send to the Clerk's 
desk. 

The Clerk read the resolution, as follows: 

Kt'soli'cd , Tliat the exerci.scs apjjropriale to the reception nd acceptance 
from the Oraiid .\riny of the Republic of the statue of General Ui.vsSKS S. 
Gr.-\XT, to be erected in the Capitol, be made the special order for Satur- 
day, May 19, immediately after the readinjf of the Journal. 

The vSpe.vkrr. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The 
Chair hears none, and accordingl)- the special order is made. 



TUESDAY, MAY 15, 1900. 

Mr. McCle.\ry. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Commit- 
tee on the Library, I ask unanimous consent for the present 
consideration of the resolution which I send to the desk. 

The vSpe.\ker. The gentleman from Minne.sota [Mr. Mc- 
Cleary] , V)y direction of the Conunittee on the Library, asks 
unanimous consent for the present consideration of the reso- 
lution which the Clerk will read. 



8 /'roarihiios in tlic House of Rcpicsctitafivcs. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

A'esolveJ. That during the exercises on the 19th instant, incident to the 
reception and acceptance of the statue of General Ui.vsSES S. Grant, the 
committee of the Grand Army of the Republic on the Grant Memorial, 
the present commander in chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, the 
senior vice-commander in chief, the junior vice-commander in chief, the 
surgeon-general, the chaplain in chief, the adjutant-general, the quarter- 
master-general, the inspector-general, the judge-advocate-general, and the 
senior aid-de-camp and chief of staff of the Grand Army of the Republic 
be admitted to the floor of the House. 

The Spkakkk. Is there objection to the present considera- 
tio!t of this resolution? [A pause.] The Chair hears none. 
The question is on agreeing to the resoltition. 

The resolution was agreed to. 

On motion of Mr. McCleary, a motion to reconsider the 
vote by which the resolution was adopted was laid on the 
table. 



WEDNESDAY, MAY 16. 1900. 

Mr. McCleakv. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for 
the immediate consideration of the following resolution, which 
I send to the Clerk's desk; 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, That during the exercises on the 19th instant, incident to 
the reception and accept-ance of the statue of General Uly.sses S. Grant, 
the gallery on the north side of the House be .set apart and reserved for 
the guests of the Grand Army of the Republic, who shall be admitted 
thereto by card, countersigned by the Doorkeeper of the House of Repre- 
sentatives. 

The Speaker. Is there objection to the pre.sent considera- 
tion of the resolution? [After a pause.] The Chair hears 
none. 

The resolution was agreed to. 

On motion of Mr. McCleary, a motion to reconsider the last 
vote was laid on the table. 



Aarptaiitc of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 9 

SATURDAY, MAY 19, 1«00. 

The House met at i 2 o'clt)ck: 111. 

The following prayer was offered hy the Cha]>laiii. Rc\'. Henry 
X. Coiiden, D. D. : 

O Thou to whom myriads lift their hearts daily in adoration 
and praise, God of onr fathers and our God, we come with onr 
trilnite of praise and gratitude for all the blessings which Thou 
hast hestowed upon us, grateful that we are citizens of the 
United States of America, incomparably greater than all other 
republics U]>on the f.ice of the fair earth. We remember with 
fer\'enc\' all the men who under Th\ ])n>vidence conceived, 
resolved, and maintained it through all its vicis.situdes to the 
present moment — Washington, Warren, Adams, Jefferson, Lin- 
coln. Grant, Garfield, and that innumerable host who toiled and 
.sacrificed even tuito death that it might live. The spleudid 
gift of the Grand Army of the Republic to the nation to-day 
reminds us of the stalwart, patriotic soldier and statesman to 
whom the nation owes a debt of gratitude which can never be 
canceled: gentle yet strong, mild yet aggressive, with indomi- 
table courage and jierseverance he mo\-ed on to the end a relent- 
less force; yet, generous as he was brave, patieut as he was 
courageous, magnanimous as he was bold, he became the man 
of peace when peace was most needed, an example not less to 
the world than to those he led to victory. 

Bless, we pray Thee, the widow whom he has left to us. 
Grant that she may be comforted in these hours by the .splendid 
tribute that his comrades, in their gift to the nation, offer to 
him, and b\' the memory of his precious life. 

God be v.ith us ever more: guide us as a nation and keep us 
strong and wi.se and true, an example to the nations of the 
world, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. 



lo P/-oai'd//ios ill the Hoiisr of Rrpycscnlatives. 

The coinniittet; of the Grand Army of the ReptibHc having 
in charge the presentation of the statue of General Ulysses 
S. Grant to the Government of the United States were 
announced and conducted to seats prepared for them in front 
of the Speaker's desk. 

The Speaker. A few days ago this great body, without 
one dissenting voice, adopted the resohitions which the Clerk 
will now report. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

On April 27 : 

"On motion of Mr. McCleary, by unanimous consent, 

'Resolved, That the exerci,ses appropriate to the reception and accept- 
ance from the Grand Army of the Republic of the statue of General 
Ulysses S. Gr.'VNT, to be erected in the Cajjitol, be made the .special 
order for Saturday, Jlay 19, immediately after the reading of the 
Journal.' " 

On May 15 : 

" A'esofved . That during the exercises on the 19th instant, incident to 
the reception and acceptance of the statue of General ULYSSES S. Gr.^nT, 
the committee of the Grand Army of the Republic on the Grant Memorial, 
the present commander in chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, the 
.senior vice-commander in chief, the junior vice-commander in chief, the 
surgeon-general, the chaplain in chief, the adjutant-general, the quarter- 
master-general, the inspector-general, the judge-advocate-general, and the 
senior aid-de-camp and chief of staff of the Grand Army of the Republic 
be admitted to the floor of the House." 

On Jlay 16 : 

" Resolved, Ttiiit during the exercises on the iglh instant, incident to 
the reception and acceptance of the .statue of General Ulvsses S. Gr.\xT, 
the gallery on the north side of the House be set apart and reserved for 
the guests of the Grand Army of the Republic, who .shall be admitted 
thereto by card, countersigned by the Doorkeeper of the House of Rep- 
resentatives." 

The Speaker. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from 
Minnesota, chairman, of the Committee on the Library. 

Mr. McCleary. Mr. Speaker, I send to the Clerk's desk, 
to be read, the communication of the committee from the 
Grand Army of the Republic making this presentation. 



Acceptance of the Statue of Ceneral Ulysses S. <iiaiit. ii 

The Sfeakkk. The Clerk will import the cDiniiiunication 
to the House. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Headquartkrs (Vrand Army oi' thk Ki;i>rni.ic, 

CoMMiTTKK ox Grant Mkmorial, 

M'asliiiigtoit, J). C, May ig, jgoo. 

Sir: In accordance with the "Joint resohition to accept from the 
national encampment of the Grand Army of the Repnblic a statue (and 
pedestal) of the late General ULYSSES S. Grant," approved Auf^ust 14, 
1890, the committee of the Grand Army appointed to that end have caused 
such statue to be executed, anil the same is now placed in the Rotunda of 
the Capitol. 

The statue is an orij;inal work modeled by Mr. I'raiiklin Sinunoiis, an 
A\nierican artist having his studio in Rome. 

A brief recital of the origin and purpose of this memorial work seems 
proper. 

General Gr.-vnT, as were others of the leaders of the Union Armies, 
incUuling Generals Sherman and Sheridan, w-as a comrade of the Grand 
Army of the Republic, having been nuistered into Meade Post, No. i. 
Department of Pennsylvania, on the i6th day of May, 1S77. He wore its 
badge on proper occasion, sympathized with its objects, and fraternally 
mingled with its membership. 

It was natural, therefore, upon his decease at !Mount JIcGregor, New 
York, on the 23d day of July, 1S85, that his comrades of the Grand Army, 
whilst mingling tlieir grief with that of all of his countrymen, should 
desire, in some special manner, to signalize their personal regard for and 
devotion to their comrade, and their deep appreciation of the inestimal)le 
services he had rendered to his country and to his age. Accordingly, on 
the 24th of September, 18S5, the then commander in chief of the Grand 
Army of the Republic addressed a circular to the posts and departments 
of the order suggesting the creation of a fund by voluntary- contribution, 
no more than 15 cents to be received from any contributing comrade, for, 
as stated in the circular, "the erection of a monument, which, avoiding 
all exaggeration or mere motive of display, shall be in keeping with the 
simplicitv of the life and character of our great leader; of such intrinsic 
excellence as shall commend it to the care of the nation, and thus, through 
all succeeding generations, be our memorial as well as a monument to 
his fame." 

At the succeeding national encampment the project was laid before it, 
met with hearty commendation, and steps were taken to facilitate its 
accomplishment. 

Bv directions of succeeding national encampments the work was 



12 Proceedings in the House of Representatives. 

continued until the finished result was brought within the shelter of 
the Capitol, and is now presented for acceptance. 

The fund contributed for the announced purpose represents the offerings 
of more than 70,000 of his comrades, most of whom had ser\-ed in the 
field under his command, and all of whom had hailed him as a comrade 
in the later day of peace. 

In their behalf we who now survive commit this semblance of his per- 
son to the care and keeping of the nation whose walls he helped to make 
stronger, rejoicing in the knowledge that the memories it will invoke are 
of good will to-day, and will be of concord through all coining time. 
Very respectfully, 

S.-VMUKL S. BURDETI, 

Ctiairinan. 
Robert B. Ke.\th 

Secretary. 
Selden Connor, 
Edmund S. Grant, 
Russell A. Alger, 
Hor.\ce vS. Cl.\rk, 

Coimnittee. 
Hon. D.wiD B. Henderson, 

Spealter of /lie House of Representatives. 

Mr. McCle.\rv. Mr. Speaker, I pre.sent the resolutions 
which I send to the Clerk's desk and move that, after the 
addresses appropriate to this occasion shall have been delivered, 
the resolutions be adopted. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from Miiniesota presents the 
resolutions which will now be reported to the House. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resotved by the House of Representatives {tlie Senate concurring). That 
the thanks of Congress be given to the Grand .Army of the Republic for 
the statue of General Ulvsses S. Gr.\nt. 

Resotved, That the statue be accepted and placed in the Capitol, and 
that a copy of these resolutions, signed by the presiding officers of the 
House of Representatives and the Senate, be forwarded to the chairman 
of the committee of the Grand Army of the Republic on the Grant 
Memorial. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ul\sses S. dianl. 1 3 



ADDRESS OF Mr. MCCLEARY, OF MINNESOTA. 

Mr. S])eaker, the House of Representatives lias set aside 
this day to accept with proper ceremonial, from the Grand 
Army of the Republic, a statue of its most distinguished 
comrade, General I'lysses vS. Gr.\nt. The occa.sioii is graced 
by the presence of the lady who was his loved and honored 
companion through life, with her daughter and her grand- 
daughter and grandson. 

The statue, which is in itself a fine piece of art, showing 
the great military leader in his uniform as a general, is a 
tribute of the affectionate regard of his old companions in 
arms. They take honest pride in his fame, which is in part 
their own, and feel that it is fit and proper that his form and 
features should be ])reserved in mart)le beneath tlie Dome of 
this Capitol. 

On this occasion representatives of all parties and sections 
will pay tribute to the memory of the great commander, for 
we all feel that his fame is the ccmnnon heritage of the 
nation, and that in it we can all take pride. 

It is a very remarkable thing, and one highly creditable to 
all concerned, that there should l)e such unanimity of feeling 
toward the chief military leader of a great and recent civil 
war. But, strange as it may seem to people of other countries, 
the name of General Grant is loved and honored North and 
South. The North remembers and honors him for his unfalter- 
ing courage in the hour of danger; the "South remembers and 
loves him for his unvarying kindness in the hour of triunipli. 
All of his countrymen. North and South, unite in admiration 
for his genius and affection for his character. 

The South does not forget that the same voice which at 



14 .-]M/rss of Mr. McClcary on Ihe 

Dijutlson tluniclereil (uit. "Immediate and unconditional sur- 
render," spoke at Appomattox the words of a brother, "Let 
them keep their horses; they will need them on their farms. " 
The South has not forgotten that the stern purpose expressed 
in the words, ' ' We will fight it out on this line if it takes all 
sunnner," was softened, after the war was over, in the all- 
comjirehending love of the man, into the sentiment, "Let us 
have peace." And our people ha\-e not ceased to honor valor 
or to love \-irtue. 

While the conflict raged he was the incarnation of ' ' grim- 
visaged war" — resolute, relentless, resi-Stless. But when the 
fratricidal strife was over, the sternness of his features relaxed, 
his eyes grew kindly, and the knightly soul of the great com- 
mander revealed itself in saving and .serving those who had 
laid down their arms. 

Thirt\-five years have passed .since General Grant's mili- 
tary career was crowned with victory, twenty-four years since 
he laid down the high office of President, to which he was twice 
cho.sen \i\ his grateful countrymen, and fifteen years since 
he hreathed out his life at Mount McGregor. Yet this is the 
first memorial raised to his fame in the capital cit\- of the country 
he served .so well. It should not be and shall not be the last. 

This statue being the tribute of his comrades in arms, I .shall 
confine \\\\ retnarks, neces.sarily limited, to a brief view of the 
significance of the war in which he and the>' participated. 

In the spring of 1865 more men moved obedient to the com- 
mand of General Gr.vxt than were commanded b}- Xaj)oleon in 
all his wars, from the beginning of his meteoric career, on the 
plains of Italy and before the pyramids of Egypt, until the 
.setting of his sun at Waterloo; and the area of Grant's opera- 
tions exceeded the area covered by Napoleon in all his campaigns 
from the vine-clad hills of France to the snowy steppes of Russia. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. (iianf. 15 

But the real greatness of his niiHtar\histor\- is not (hie chiefly 
to the iinmensit\- of the forces which he commanded or the 
vastness of the area of his qperations. To appreciate the real 
dignity and worth of General Grant's services to mankind, 
and those of his companions in arms, they must be considered 
in their purposes as revealed in the light of universal history. 
His genius was exercised to save to the world its most prec- 
ious secular possession. I measure my words, sir, when I 
sa.y that the most valuable secular ixjssession of this world, 
then and now, is the Union of the American States. Hun- 
dreds of thousands of lives and thousands of millions of treasure 
have been expended to preserve it; but in its iM)tenc\- for good 
to the world it is worth infinitely more than it has cost. 

What is the spectacle which this country pre.sents to the 
world to-day? It is that of forty-five little nations, each self- 
governing in all iiKitters pertaining to itself individually, living 
side by side in peace: no fortresses on their frontiers; no .stand- 
ing armies within their borders. He who studies history aright 
will .see that this nation is constructed on a great pacific politi- 
cal principle. It involves the practical working out in the 
affairs of men of the idea which He came nineteen hundred 
years ago to bring, that of " Peace on earth, good will toward 
men. 

What is that jirinciple? It is the priiici])le of Federation 
based upon Representation, a principle which had its origin in 
the forests of Germany, a principle unknown to Asia, unknown 
even to Rome when she was mistress of the world. 

And, sir, the nations of Kurope, burdened with the weight of 
standing armies, will yet learn through the example of this coun- 
try the great lesson which it was created to teacli. They will dis- 
band their armies, tear down their fortresses, and establish the 
I'nited States of Europe. Alread\- we have the Dominion of 



i6 Address of Mr. McClcary on the 

Cauada framed on the principle of this Government. Austra- 
Ha is just about to form a government like ours. And the prin- 
ciple is extending its operation and will yet possess the earth. 

On the 4th day of July, 1863, a group of Americans were 
assembled in Paris. They were met in honor of the natal day 
of their nation. At that banquet toa.sts were proposed. One 
of the toasts was "The United States." The toastmaster, in 
presenting it, said: 

Here is to the United States, bounded on tlie north by the Briti.sli 
possession.s, bounded on the south — 

And, oh, how nuich of hope and fear the words then con- 
tained — 

bv .Vf.rho and the (i id f of Mexico, bounded on the east by the Atlantic, 
and on the west by the Pacific. 

That gentleman was probably from New England, careful and 
exact in his .statements. 

Another American from farther west, let us say from Ohio, 
arose and .said: 

When we are giving boundaries of the United States, why not see 
witli the eye of prophecy? Here is to the United States, bounded on 
the north by the North Pole, on the south by the South Pole, on the 
east by the rising of the sun, and on the west by the setting thereof. 

Then a tall, .slender gentleman from the breezy prairies of 
the West arose and said: 

When we are indulging in prophecy, why not see with full compre- 
hensiveness? Here is to the United States, bounded on the north by 
the aurora borealis, on the south by the precession of the equinoxes, 
on the east by primeval chaos, and on the we.st by the day of judgment. 

That is a banquet picture, playful in its humor; but, sir. in a 
certain .sense it is destined to be true. By and by international 
questions will be settled in the forum of peace as we now settle 
questions between States, by having a representative body 
assembled, as occa.sion requires, at .some convenient place, as 
this Congress a.ssembles here. It is not difficult of belief that 
the time is near when, under the process which I have thus 



Acceptance of the Statue of General L'/ysses S. Giaut. 



17 



briefly indicated, there will come into existence the United 
States of the World, extending from pole to pole and from the 
rising to the setting of the sun. Then will he realized the 
dream of the poet, when — 

The war (iruin l)eat.s no longer. 

And the battle flags are furleil 
In the parliament of man. 

The federation of the world. 

Thus we see something of the true significance of the I'nited 
Stales of America in the Divine Economy and the worth of the 
war for the preservation of the I'nion. 

This is not the first of republics in {X)int of time. Other gov-- 
ernments named republics exi.sted before ours, but this is the 
first of real republics to cover a vast area. It is the first repub- 
lic and the first country covering a vast area which has been .so 
organized as to leave the management of local affairs to those 
most interested in them, while .securing to the whole nation the 
powers needed for the common defense and the genera! welfare. 
Here first and Ijest have been secured in our federal republic, 
"Liberty and I'nion, one and inseparable, now and forever." 

The civil war was the supreme test to determine whether 
' ' a nation so conceived and so dedicated ' ' could ' ' long endure. ' ' 
And every man who had any part, however lunnble, in the 
preservation of that Union is entitled to the gratitude of the 
world. Hence the propriety, the eminent propriety, of enshrin- 
ing within tliis Capitol, this temjtle of the great pacific principle 
of Federal Union through Representation to which I have 
alluded, a statue of the great commander through whose genius 
the Union was preserved. 

The statue, Mr. Speaker, worthy alike of the genius which 
it commemorates and of the brave men whose cheerful con- 
tributions produced it, will be accepted; and it will be preserved 
in honor through the coming centuries. 
S. Doc. 451 2 



i8 Address of Mi . Richardson on the 



ADDRESS OF Mr, Richardson, of Tennessee. 

Mr. Speaker, Ulysses S. Grant does not need a .statue in 
this Capitol or at any other place on earth in order that his 
name and fame may be perpetuated. Long after the marble 
figure of him this day presented to the nation shall have 
decayed and disappeared his deeds will survive and the work of 
his hand be manifest. I believe it is true that history shows 
that every nation and people and tribe that has gone before 
us, or that now has an existence, has made a hero, if not an 
idol, of that man who in its great wars has proven himself 
to be its most successful soldier. Our own Republic is a 
conspicuous example of this historical fact. 

When the United States emerged from the war of the Rev- 
olution the soldier of that great struggle who had won highest 
renown was George Washington. The most exalted honor in 
the gift of his countrymen was immediately and lovingly 
bestowed upon him. and he became the first Chief Magistrate. 
The war of 1812 with Great Britain had its illustrious hero 
in the person of Andrew Jackson, and in due time he received 
the same reward as that bestowed upon Washington. The 
great Indian wars of the West developed a hero in the person 
of William Henry Harrison, whom a generous people raised 
to the Presidency. The war with Mexico gave the country 
a President in the person of General Taylor. The greatest 
of all our wars, the late war between the States, was not an 
exception to this rule, and likewise produced its hero. That 
hero we here and now delight to honor. It is not only his- 
torically true that each of our wars has produced one soldier 
who became its most conspicuous figure, but it is further true 



Acceptance of the Stahie of General Ulysses S. Grant. ig 

tliat the hero thus developed has each time been rewarded by 
his appreciative countrymen with the gift of their highest office. 

The hero of the war between the States was born in Cler- 
mont County, Ohio. April 27, 1822. He wa.s of Scotch ancestry. 
Init his family had been American in all its branches for 
several generations. He was a descendant of Mathew Grant, 
who arrived at Dorchester, Mas.sachu.setts. in May, 1630. His 
father was Jes.se R. Grant and his mother Hannah Simp.son. 
In the fall of 1823 his parents removed to Georgetown, tlie 
county seat of Brown County. Ohio. From an early age until 
17 years old he attended the subscription schools of George- 
town, except during the winters of 1836-37 and 1838-39, which 
were .spent at school in Maysville, Kentucky, and Ripley. Ohio. 

In the .spring of 1839, at the age of 17, he was appointed 
to a cadetship in the Military Academy at West Point, and 
entered the Academy July i, 1839. He graduated from the 
Academy in 1843, twenty-first in a cla.ss of thirtx-niiie mem- 
bers. July I. 1843, he was attached to the Fourth I'nited 
States Infantry as brevet second lieutenant; was appointed 
second lieutenant in the Seventh Infantry Sej)tember 30, 
1845. During the Mexican war he took part with his regi- 
ment, the Fourth Infantry, having been transferred to that 
regiment, and was in all :he battles fought b\- Generals Scott 
and Taylor, except that of Buena Vista. He was several 
times promoted during the war with Mexico. On the 22d 
day of August, 1848, he married Miss Julia Dent, of St. 
Louis, Missouri, and who, blessed with long life, honors us 
with her presence and lends grace to this occasion. 

In 1852 his regiment was .sent to the Pacific coast, and 
August 5, 1S53, he was appointed captain. In 1854 he re- 
signed from the Army and went to live on a farm near St. 
Louis, Mis.souri. In i860 he removed to Galena, Illinois, 



20 Address of Mr. Richardson on the 

and became a clerk in his fatlier's store. In April, 1861, 
after President Lincoln's call for troops, he presided at a 
public meeting in Galena, which resulted in the organization 
of a company of volunteers, which he drilled and accom- 
panied to Springfield, Illinois. He was employed at once 
by Governor Yates in the adjutant's office and appointed 
mustering officer. May 24, 1861, he offered his ser\-ices to 
the National Government in a letter he then wrote, but no 
answer was ever made to it. 

June 17, 1 86 1, he was appointed colonel of the Twenty- 
first Illinois Volunteers, and served until August 7, when he 
was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers by the President. 
He w-as assigned September i to command the district of 
southeastern Missouri. On September 4 he e.stablished his 
headquarters at Cairo, and on the dth captured Paducah, 
Kentucky. On the 2d of February, 1862, he advanced from 
Cairo, and on the 6th captured Fort Henry, and on the 
1 6th Fort Donelson. 

Soon afterwards he was made a major-general of volunteers, 
his commission dating from February 16, 1862. He com- 
manded at the battle of Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862, and was 
second in command to General Halleck during the advance 
upon and the siege of Corinth. He was placed in command 
of the district of west Tennessee, and in September fought 
the battle of luka, Mis.sis-sippi, and in October the battle of 
Corinth. Jamiary 29, 1863, he took command of the troops 
on the Mississippi River opposite Vicksburg. 

After a number of minor engagements with the Confederates 
in that department, they retired their armies int(5 \'icksburg, 
and that city was besieged by General Gr.\xt, and it finally 
surrendered July 4, 1863, On that day he wa.« commissioned 
a major-general in the United States Army. In October he 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 2 r 

was assigned to the conmiand of the military division of the 
Mississippi, which included Rosecrans's army at Chattanooga. 
He went to Chattanooga and commanded in the battle of 
Missionary Ridge in November. For his successes Congress, 
in December, 1863, passed a resolution of thanks to him and 
the officers and soldiers of his command, and presented him 
with a gold medal. The bill restoring the grade of Lieutenanl- 
General became a law in February, 1S64, and on March i he 
was nominated for the ])ositioii and was confirmed the suc- 
ceeding day. 

On March \2 he a.s.sumed command of all the armies of 
the ITnited States, and immediately began the plan of cam- 
paign that kept all the armies in motion until the war ended. 
About May 4, 1864. this campaign — the greatest of the war — 
began, and lasted until the surrender of the Confederates in 
April, 1865. During this period there were fought some of 
the bloodiest battles in the world's history. On April g, 1865, 
the war was virtually closed by the surrender of the armies 
under General Lee at Appomattox, \'irginia. On the closing 
of the war his attention was directed to nuistering out of 
service the great armies under his connnand and the disposal 
of the enormous quantities of stores of the Government. 

In the discharge of his duties he visited different .sections 
of the countr}- and was received everywhere with genuine 
enthusiasm. The citizens of Philadelphia presented him with 
a handsome residence in that city; his old neighbors in Galena 
gave him a pretty home in their town; the people of New 
York presented to him a check for a large sum of money, 
and everywhere there were innni.stakable evidences of the high 
esteem in which he was held. In No\-eml:)er and December, 
1865, he traveled through the Southern States, and made a 
report to the President upon the conditions there. 



2 2 Addirss of Mr. Richardson on the 

111 May, 1866, he suhiiiitted a plan to tlie Govenuiient for 
the reorganization of the Regular Army of the United States, 
which became the basis of reorganization. July 25 Congress 
passed an act creating the grade of General of the Armies of 
the United States, and on the same day he was appointed 
to this rank. August 12, 1867, was appointed by President 
Johnson Secretary of War ad interim, which position he held 
until January 14, 1868. 

At the national convention of the Republican party which 
met in Chicago on May 20, 186S, he was unanimously nomi- 
nated for President on the first call of States, and was duly 
elected in November of that year. Was renominated by his 
party in national convention in Philadelphia June 6. 1872, 
and was again successful. He retired from office March 4, 
1877, and soon thereafter made a journey into foreign coun- 
tries, and in all of them vi.sited by him he was received with 
great distinction and pomp by the governments and peoples. 
An earnest effort was made to nominate him for a third 
term, but it failed. By special act of Congress pa.ssed March 3, 
1885, he was placed as General on the retired list of the Army. 
I have necessarily spoken very briefl>- of the leading facts 
ill the life and career of this truly great American soldier. 
The most extravagant and fulsome eulogy that can possibly 
be bestowed by human lips upon General Grant does not in 
the shghtest degree derogate from the pure and matchless 
fame of the' hero and idol of those who fought against him, 
and of all true Confederates, in that bloody period during 
which his mar\-eloiis character was developed, and which 
gave him the opportunity to win everlasting renown. But 
for the indomitable courage and valor of the Confederate 
soldier there would have been no opportunity for his devel- 
oimient and for the proof of his giant strength. 



Accepta7ice of the Statue of General Ulysses S. (hant. 23 

As an ex-Confederate soldier I revere liis memory and 
demand, and have a just riglit to demand, to share in the 
honor and glory which cluster like jeweled diadems around 
his name and render him conspicuous as an American soldier 
and citizen. Confederates can and do honor him because in 
battle he was a foeman worthy of their .steel. He .said on one 
familiar occasion, "We will fi.£(ht it out on this line if it takes 
all summer." This sentiment showed liis lion heart and iron 
will, and for this we honored him. When the day of Appo- 
mattox came, and the bravest of the brave under Lee laid down 
their arms forever, he said, "Let the men take their horses 
and go to their homes; they will need them with which to raise 
a crop for the women and children." 

If many honored him for the one sentiment I have quoted, 
man\- more loved him for the tenderness he displayed in his 
victory and for that tt)uch of nature which made them feel 
that they were akin and that their conqueror was a true 
American soldier. The magnanimity then displayed by him 
to the Confederates won for him.self from them their warmest 
gratitude. His magnanimity will always be remembered by 
Confederate soldiers and will stand con.spicuous in history .so 
long as nobility of character .shall be appreciated by mankind. 
It was hardly reasonable to expect, when he was called without 
experience in ci\il life to the highest and most responsible 
position in the ( io\-ernnient, that his career would lie marked 
by that superlative degree of .success which had added .so 
nuich luster to his name as a .soldier. Yet his admini.stration 
of the office gave satisfaction to the countr\' and was so suc- 
cessful that he was indorsed and reelected, as I have already 
stated. 

During his eight years in the Presidency, legislation was 
almost completed for the restoration of the Southern .States 



24 Address of Mr. Richardson on the 

to their original positions in tlie Union, the reunion of the 
States was about perfected, and all sections of the land 
admitted to full and free representation under the Government. 
Much of the bitterness engendered by the war, and which 
had been left alive at its closing, and which was not appreciably 
diminished during President Johnson's term, was almost dissi- 
pated, certainh- much softened, during his Administration. 

An examination of his state papers will show that he dwelt 
especially upon the duty of paying the national debt in gold 
and returning to .specie payments: that he urged upon Con- 
gress with great zeal a proposition to annex Santo Domingo; 
that during his administration the ' ' Quaker peace commis- 
sion" was appointed to deal with the Indians, the fifteenth 
amendment to the Constitution of the United States was pro- 
claimed, the treaty of Washington was negotiated, and, with 
a subsequent arbitration at Geneva, a settlement was provided 
of the difficulties relating to the Alabama claims and the 
fisheries; that in 1S70 and frequently at later dates he urged 
upon Congress the need of reform in the civil service. 

His appeal secured the passage of the law of March 3. 1871, 
under which he appointed a Civil Service Commission. This 
commission framed rules, which were approved by the Presi- 
dent. They provided for open competitive examinations and 
went into eiTect January i, 1872, and out of these grew the 
present civil-service rules. One of his most important papers 
was the message vetoing the "inflation bill." The closing 
months of his public life covered the .stormy and exciting 
period following the Presidential election of 1876, when the 
re.sult, as between Mr. Tilden and Mr. Hayes was so long in 
doubt. There is .scarcely anything, however, in any Presiden- 
tial iiaper of that period to indicate the great peril to the 



Acceptance of the Statue of General U/vsses S. Grant. 25 

country and the severe strain to whicli our institutions were 
subjected in the memorable contest. 

President Grant died July 2t„ 18S5, at Mount McGregor, 
New York, and his ashes peacefully rest at beautiful Riverside 
Park on the lianks of the Hudson River. New York City. 
His burial place is marked by a splendid mausoleum, to which 
many of his admirint^ countrymen make frequent jjilt^rimage, 
that they may pay loving tribute to his memory and testify 
afresh their appreciation of his heroism and devotion to duty. 



26 Address of Mr. IVannr on the 



ADDRESS OF Mr. Warner, of Illinois. 

Mr. Speaker, Illinois lia.s the honor of having given Ulysses 
S. Grant to the ^'olunteer Army of the United States. In 
accepting, as a representative of that State, the invitation to 
speak of him on this occasion I appreciate my inaliility and the 
inability of any man adequately to set forth his greatness and 
his worth. 

As a citizen, as a soldier, as a statesman, he was preeminent: 
and the fact is more and more understood and appreciated as the 
years go by, as we study and understand his character, his acts, 
his words, and his writings, as time demonstrates the correctness 
of his strategy and the wi.sdom of his civil Administration. 

He was true, pure, gentle, and loyal as husband, father, and 
friend; and the most difficult word for him to utter was the word 
"No." Truly he had malice toward none and charity for all; 
and throughout his wonderful career, with its vicissitudes and 
triumphs, to all who knew him he remained Ulvsses S. 
Grant, a good, kind, considerate, lovable man. His earlier 
misfortunes did not depress him, and his later successes did not 
elate him. He did his duty as he understood it, modestly, in an 
honest, earnest, straightforward way, and accepted what our 
good Father gave him without complaint or exultation. 

And what a wonder his life's history! The more truthfully 
told one hundred years hence the more will it appear like 
fiction. 

Ha\ing been graduated from West Point and advanced to 
the rank of captain in the Regular Army, from which he had 
resigned, almost at middle life he found himself, with a family, 
in eastern Missouri desperate!}' endeavoring to keep the wolf 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 2-] 

out of the door by clearing aud farming a small tract of land 
and by peddling in St. Louis the wood cut by his o\yii hands. 
A little later, to better that condition, he ol)tained of his father 
a clerkship, at a limited salary, in a small store in Galena, Illi- 
nois. Within one year he was in command of an army of his 
country, and demanded and accepted the surrender of General 
Huckncr, with 15,000 men, at Fort Donel.son. 

Within less than three years he demanded and accepted 
the surrender of General Pemberton, with 32,000 soldiers, at 
Vicksburg. Within four years his victorious army swept over 
the crest of Mis.sionary Ridge and opened the way to the sea. 
Within five years he was in command of all the armies of 
the United States: the army under his innnediate command 
had mov'ed, by the left flank, down through the Wilderness, 
General Lee had tendered him his sword and surrendered to 
him the gallant Army of Northern \'irginia, and our countrv' 
was saved and united forever. Within eight years he was Presi- 
dent of the United States: and but a short time thereafter all 
the potentates of the world felt honored in standing uncovered 
before the modest, unassuming American, the former wood 
chopper and country clerk. To-day his .statue honors the 
Capitol of the greatest nation on earth. 

^'erilv, with his life's history before him, no one, at any 
age, in this country of ours should de,spair of final success. 

It was my good fortune to see him, when he was known as 
Captain Graxt, at the State capitol in Illinois, assisting the 
adjtitant-general of that State in organizing its volunteers for 
the civil war. and later when he was colonel of the Twenty- 
first Illinois \'olunteer Infantry, and when he was command- 
ing the district of Cairo, and at Fort Donel.son and Shiloh; 
and during the campaigns of Mississippi and \'icksbur,g and 
his occupancy of the Executive Mansion here in Washington 



28 Address of Mr. \\'ar)icr on the 

I hail tilt honor often to meet and know and be known by 
him, and he was ever and always the same kind, courteous, 
lovable gentleman. He voluntarih' did me personal kindnesses 
when I was a boy subaltern under him, and I loved him and 
I revere his memory. 

As a military commander he was patient, firm, earnest, and 
persistent. In action, under fire, he was quiet and iuipassive, 
seemingly intent only in working out victory, and utterly 
djlivious of personal danger. He abhorred unnecessary blood- 
shed; but thought it more merciful, when the opposing forces 
were within striking distance, to bring on a decisive battle 
than to allow his soldiers to be decimated by the di.seases of 
idle camps; and when his victory was won his conquered 
opf)oneuts had no truer friend than he. He fought battles, 
not for the purpose of killing men, biU for the purpose of 
.saving his country; and when a battle was over he wished to 
take his enemies to his heart and make them his and his 
country's friends. I do not believe he ever had an unkind 
feeling for any man, living or dead, whether he wore the blue 
or the .gray; and I do believe his great heart went out to all. 

When General Buckner, at Fort Donel.son, asked that com- 
missioners might be appointed to consider the question of capit- 
ulation, General Grant answered that such commissioners 
were unnecessary, and demanded innnediate and unconditional 
surrender, adding that he purposed to move immediatelx' upon 
their works. That was Gr.\nt. the general. General Buck- 
ner surrendered unconditionally; and that night, after "taps," 
General Grant found and entered General Buckner' s tent, 
and taking out his pocketbook, .said; " General Buckner, you 
are a prisoner and will be sent North. I presume you have 
no money that is current with us, and I wish to share mine 
with you." That was Grant, the man. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 29 

Again, before the coinmencenieiit of the final campaign of 
Vickbnrg, he called Sherman and others of his generals about 
him and informed them that he proposed to put his army 
across the river, .south of Vicksburg, cut loose from his liase 
of sujiplies and comnuinications with the North, move into 
the interior of Mississippi, and then attack \'icksburg from 
the high ground at its rear. None ajiproved his plan; and 
Sherman, to put him.self on record, wrote and delivered to Gen- 
eral Gk.\xt an official letter prote.sting against the proposed 
operation. General Gk.vnt disregarded the opinions of his 
generals, the protest of .Sherman, and executed the movement, 
fought the liattles of Purl Gil)son, Raxinond, Edwards Station, 
Jackson, Champion Hills, and Black River, and cooped the 
Confederate army uj) in \'ickshurg. with its capture an abso- 
lute certainty. That was (^.k.\xt, the general. When tlie suc- 
cess of the movement was assured, instead of forwarding this 
letter in the regular way to the Adjutant-General of the Army, 
the u.sual course, he handed it to Sherman and told him he 
had better burn it. That was Grant, the man. 

Again, at \'ickshurg, General Gr.\nt gave General Pember- 
ton to understand that unless he surrendered his works would 
be assaulted on the 4th day of July. That was Grant, the 
general. Pemberton surrendered, and General Grant .set all 
the gallant Confederate army at liberty and allowed them to 
go to their homes on their words. That was Gr.-vxt, the man. 

Down in \'irginia, his order was to fight it out on that 
line — forward by the left flank. That was Grant, the 
general. When General Lee surrendered. General Grant, 
on his own motion, stipulated that the brave men of that 
army should take with them to their homes, to aid in culti- 
vating their fields, the animals they had used in trying to 
destroy him and his army. Further, when President Johnson 



30 Address of Mr. Warner on the 

proposed to arrest General Lee and try him for treason on 
account of the part he had taken in the rebellion, General 
Grant notified the President that if he did so he (General 
Grant) would resign his commission in the Army. That 
was Grant, the man. 

La.stly, when through his confidence in his fellow-men he 
had lost all his property and was dying at Mount McGregor, 
he awaited an early and certain death without a murmur of 
complaint, and used his fast-failing vitality in writing his 
innnortal Memoirs in the hope that their sale might bring 
his loved ones a little .something after he should be gone. 
That was the soldier, the husband, the father, and the friend. 
That was Ulys.ses S. Grant. 

Is it strange that all in this broad land, North and South, 
in blue and in gray, love him and join in person or in spirit 
in the.se services here to-day? They would not be Americans 
if they did not. 

His life is a lesson, a hope, an inspiration. Our country is 
stronger and the world is better and hope is brighter that 
he lived, and it is fitting and proper that his statue shall 
forever honor the Capitol of the country he did more than 
anv other man to save. 



Accepta7ice of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 31 



ADDRESS OF Mr. CUMMINGS, OF NEW YORK. 

Mr. Speaker, I desire ])articularly to speak of General Grant 
as a soldier. He was the highest type of a soldier; not such as 
the genius of Shakespeare has described in his seven ages, but 
a soldier far more lovaljle and admirable; a soldier who, like 
Lincoln, his august Conunander in Chief, was carved out of the 
common clay of the Republic by the fingers of the Almighty to 
preserve this nation and serve as an object lesson to the world. 
He was the personification of loj'alty. Truly tempered in the 
Militarj- Academy of the people, where his illustrious opponent 
also received his education, he never swerved from his duty 
when the nation in its dire emergency required his services. 

It was as a true soldier of the people that he won the esteem 
and admiration of the world. It depends upon the soldier 
himself whether he is to be esteemed or admired. He .shows 
different qualities at different times and under different circum- 
■stances. Cromwell at Xaseby and Cromwell at Drogheda con- 
trast as the glorious sunrise to Cimmerian darkness. There 
are no such contrasts in Grant's career. He was a soldier of 
perfect symmetry in character, judgment, performance, and 
humanity. 

It is the cause no less than the temper that makes the true 
soldier. The inspiration of Grant is found in the cause for 
which he fought. And the same, strange as it may .seem, may 
be .said of Lee. Two more knightly spirits never met. On 
their brows shame was ashamed to sit. Yet they met in the 
shock of battle, and negotiated from what appeared to be 
exactly opposite standpoints. It was our times that molded 
them into different types. Gr.ant had faith in the wholesome 



32 Address of Mr. Cummhigs o>i the 

grandeur of a national growth; Lee in the confederacy of pohti- 
cal entities. Both l)elieved in popular rule. The divergence 
came at the application. One was the champion of a cast-off 
political faith, once dear; the other of a new and gloriou,s dawn 
in political progress. This made each a patriot from his own 
■Standpoint, and with unswerving constancy each held on to 
"the great argument of arms," as Longstreet puts it, until the 
verdict was awarded. 

Grant was a model soldier. At the beginning he had to 
struggle through thick darkness. It would have daunted a less 
determined soul. At Belmont he was nearly obscured. It took 
the glory of Donelson to carry him through the first day's dis- 
a.ster at Shiloh. His sun reappeared at Vicksburg, and got 
fairly above the clouds at Chattanooga. He was a great .sol- 
dier, but he never dreamed he was great. He was not warring 
for greatness, nor for conquest, nor glory, but for a luiited 
people on a connnon patrimony. Seated on a log in the Wil- 
derness, in a common soldier's blouse, loosened and unbut- 
toned, with a cigar in one hand and a pencil in the other, 
receiving reports, sending off orders, listening to the giuis, and 
pressing the desperate game to a final result, but one thought 
in.spired him — the glory of his countrj' and the happine.ss of 
a mighty people. As a .soldier he has not yet attained his 
height. As centtiries wane his figure will assume colossal pro- 
portions. His statue will be one of the most conspictious on 
the grand plaza of American history. Standing on the pedestal 
of national appreciation, .surrounded bj- the figures of Sher- 
man, Sheridan, Meade, Hooker, Thomas, Hancock, Sedgwick, 
Logan, McPher.son, and others of his generals, it will exem- 
plifj' one of the greatest qualifications of a soldier — a true 
appreciation of his chieftains and of their abilities on the 
battlefield. 



.■{arplaiicc ol the S!alr(e of Cnncral (Jlysses S. Grant. 33 

Grant more than fills the popular conception of a soldier. 
It was reserved for him to make the glory of A])])omattox a 
common victory. He knew the war was closed, and he deter- 
mined to make the trinir.])!! of his arms a victorx' for the whole 
peo])le. He showed no taint of animosit\'. His action was a 
revelation to the nation, a surprisini; revelation to Lee and the 
South. Wlien the two heroes met, ff)r.>jetful of the wearisome 
strujjgle, Grant fell into conversation with Lee as with an 
older brother in arms. Memories of battles far awa>-. where 
both had foujifht under the same flag, engrossed him. Lee, 
remembering his starving soldiers, twice reminded him of the 
occasion that called them together. With ready pen Gk.\nt 
then wrote out the terms of surrender. In them there was 
no suggestion of humiliation. They climaxed his glory as a 
patriot and soldier. They nuisl have convinced his chivalrous 
opponent that he had not fallen into the h.ands of an enemy, 
but into the arms of 1 brotlier. Rations were issued to the 
starving Confederates. All their jiriv'ate propertx' was allowed 
them, including their horses, which (jR.\nt said they would 
need in planting crops to repair the destittuion caused by the 
war. He even forbade a salute in honor of the victory. Th.e 
generous and unexpected terms were gladly accepted, and ene- 
mies of an hour agone mingled together as friends. The war 
was indeed over. Gk.\nt at Ai)])oinattox began the healing 
process that restored the Union and revivified the cau.se of lib- 
erty throughout the \V(irl<l. 

Yes, Mr. Speaker, he had all the characteristics of an Ameri- 
can soldier — the highest type (jf the profession. Brave, but not 
rash; energetic, persistent, strategic, silent, aggre.ssive, steady, 
patriotic, ju.st, untiring, resourceful, jiatient, and uncomplaining, 
he is an ideal soldier. He abhored delay; he was always ready; 
respon.sibility never fell on more willing shoulders. Yet the 
S. Doc. 451 3 



34 Address of Afr. Cu»i7)i!?igs on the 

ravag^es of war were hateful to him. When the thunder of the 
guns had ceased, and babble grew sharp alx>ut the nature of the 
strife, he exclaimed most Ijeseechingly: "Let lis have peace." 
Magnanimity is the highest virtue of a .soldier — that sort of 
magnanimity that when an adversary- confesses himself over- 
thrown brings the victor to his side with every healing remedy 
that brotherhood can suggest, and, putting aside the cause of 
quarrel, invites him to a common fellowship and a common 
patrimony. 

This did Grant. It was the crowning achievement of the 
war. The Union was not only preserved, but was cemented in 
the bonds of universal brotherhood. Sectional lines were washed 
away, and the nation to-day, one and indivisible, towers sublime 
anion? the realms of the earth. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 35 



ADDRESS OF MR. BERRY, OF KENTUCKY. 

Mr. Speaker, the Committee on Library has requested me to 
participate in this particular interesting occasion, dedicating the 
statue of the dead warrior. General Grant, whose heroic deeds 
are part of our country's history and will live while the Repub- 
lic lives or its annals are perused by coming generations. The 
beautiful work is the gift of the soldierj- upon whose valor the 
reputation of commanding officers are built. A generation has 
come and gone .since the close of the civil war. The number 
left who participated in its desperate encounters are rapidly 
becoming less and less. The remnant is slowly but surely tot- 
tering down the hill of life, and will soon, in the cour.se of 
nature, "sleep together at its base." Being among the num- 
ber of those who followed the furled flag of "the lo.st cau.se" 
is the reason, no doubt, for my taking part in this ceremony. 
The command to which I was attached surrendered to General 
Custer on the 6th day of April, 1865, just three days before the 
cartel between Generals Lee and Gr.\n'T was signed at Appo- 
mattox. I was pardoned by President John.son and admitted 
again to citizenship. 

There was a period when we did not all keep step tt> the 
music of the Union, when two flags were given to the breezes 
of our countrj', precipitating the most bloody and stupendous 
conflict of modern times. The Confederate has been furled 
forever — not in dishonor. May the other never cease to wa\-e, 
the emblem of a united and inseparable country. 

As we recur to that struggle two great strategists and masters 
of war naturally suggest themselves — General Gr.\nt and Gen- 
eral Lee, graduates of West Point. Indeed, the men who 



36 Address of Mr. Berry on the 

accomplished most that was of real service in the civil war on 
either side received their training at the National Military 
Academy. What an arijument is this in a country like ours, 
where there is a fixed antipathy to a large standing army, that 
such an institution should be liberally supported and broadened 
in its sphere that we may always have such men to organize 
and lead our armies when necessity arises. 

Those were eventful days and years between the firing upon 
Fort Sumter and the final surrender of the Confederate army 
at Appomatto.x. A continui)us battle, regardless of sea.sons; 
armies either in conflict or maneuvering for po.sition. 

The bravest and liest blood of the country was freely poured 
out for the vincHcation of the cause wliich the respective com- 
batants espoused. 

The pages of our history are l)la/.oned with the heroic deeds 
of fellow-countrymen who met in that fearful fratricidal con- 
flict. When peace came, two veteran armies returned to their 
homes to re.sume again the arts of peace. The vSouthern men 
went back to de.solate fire.sides and disorganized State govern- 
ments and applied themselves to building up the waste places. 
Its cost in life and treasure was something terrible to con- 
template, but it had its good results. It taught the North 
and the .South mutual respect, and demonstrated that there 
were no geographical lines bounding the bravery and patriotism 
of this countr\-, but that the Auglo-vSaxon of the Missis.sippi 
Valley and of the mountains of New Hampshire were alike 
courageous. 

Every year brings us in closer sympathy by the increasing 
bonds of blood and connnerce. 

Iron bands tie the Pacific and the Atlantic oceans, the Lakes, 
and the CjuU" together, with one flag triumphantly waving over 
e\'erv foot of our broad d.or.iain. 



Acceptance of Ihe Statue of Gcnernl Ulysses S. Ciiant. 37 

Never since Revolutioiiar)' days was there less of sectional 
feeling and the people more united than just now. If tliere 
had existed a doulit before 1898, it was finalh- and fore\-er 
removed when the men of the Cotton States touched elbows 
with the men of New ICngland in the charge at San Juan Hill 
fighting beneath the folds of the star-spangled banner. 

The blue and the ,t;ruy 
In fierce array 

No local hates dissever. 
Strike hands once more 
l-roni shore to shore — 

The North and South forever. 

Yankee Doodle and the Southern battle song Dixey are the 
property of one united glorious country. Dixey was among 
the assets at Appomattox. They were both played with the 
army in Cuba, and heard from the decks of our ironclads that 
destroyed Cervera's fleet and at Manila on May i, 1898. 
Spanish journals predicted a renewal of strife between the 
North and South when war was threatened with Spain. How 
little they knew of the temper of our people. Each .section 
was \'ying with the other as to who should be first at the front 
and in the post of danger. The contest was brief and sharj). 
Its results have been beneficial to our country, stimulating 
the patriotism of our people and demonstrating to the world 
that our military prowess is equal to any demand that can 
be made upon it. 

W'e have b}' reason thereof assumed a new position among 
the powers of the earth, and new and unexpected respon.si- 
bilities have been thru.st upon us as a nation. We have .some 
complicated propositions to iniravel, but I have no doubt we 
will be equal to the occasion and carry the blessings of liberty 
to the Tropics. 

The institution of slaver\- gt)Ue. there is no i.ssue left that 



38 .Address of Mr. Berry on the 

could divnde us on geographical lines. We can face the future 
with confidence — a thoroughly united people. 

No nuire the thirsty Erj-nis of this soil 

Shall daub her lips with her own children's blood; 

No more shall trenching war channel her fields 

Or bruise her flowerets with the armed troops 

Of hostile paces : Those opposed eyes 

Which, like the meteors of a troubled heaven, 

All of one nature, of one substance bred, 

Did lately meet in the intestine shock 

And furious close of civil butchery. 

Shall now in mutual, well-beseeming ranks, 

JIarch all one way and be no more opposed 

Against acquaintance, kindred, and allies. 

An attempt in the.se halls to revive the animosities of the 
civil war are greeted with jeers and hisses. The President, in 
this -same spirit of reconciliation, has recommended the care 
of the graves of these who wore the gray. And why not? 
They gave the best evidence man can give of his devotion 
to principle in baring their breasts to the storm of battle. 
Some years after the war had clo.sed, and it was concluded 
that the graves of all soldiers. Union and Confederate, should 
be remembered on Decoration Day, a Union soldier, who was 
in the desperate fight at Chancellor.sville and saw the boys 
in blue and gray with their bayonets crossed in death, wrote 
these lines : 

On the moss-covered dell. 

Side by side, as they fell, 
We have tenderly laid them at rest. 

Who shall tell us to-day 

Which is blue, which is K''''>"' 
From the sods- that lie cold on their breast? 

Bloom the roses as red 

On their moss-covered bed, 
And the mocking bird carols as free ; 

Droops the willow as low 

O'er friend as o'er foe — 
Sighs the zephyr as soft to the sea. 



Acceptance of the Statue of (icncral Ulysses S. Grant. 39 

Lightly tread on the grave 

Where were buried the brave — 
Scatter roses and garlands for all ; 

As we think how they died, 

Let us kneel by their side, 
And remember 'tis heroes who fall. 

Were they right, were they WTong, 

"Tis to God they belong, 
"I'is His to reject or receive ; 

Ours to honor the clay 

Of the blue and the gray; 
Doublv ours to forget and forgive. 

And now conies tlie .State of Maryland with an invitation 
to the dedication of a monnnient on tlie bloody field of 
Antietani to the Union and Confederate soldier. Who will 
question that we are a united ])eople? 

Let us, as we gather al)out this .statue, resolve to devote 
ourselves to the arts of peace and triinnph there. In peace- 
ful competition conquer the markets of the world. The busy 
manufactories of the Kast are finding new demands for their 
multifarious products. The iron and steel indu.stries of the 
United States are dictating prices everywhere. We build 
bridges for Africa, send railroad iron and supplies to Russia, 
locomotives to Great Britain. The iron of Alabama finds sale 
in the Mediterranean. England can supply herself with coal 
at Mobile cheaper than she can mine it at home. We will 
not only feed the world from our granaries, but supply it 
with fuel. The agricultural .South is building up manufacto- 
ries for her great staple. The delusion that only slave labor 
could produce cotton has been dis.sipated with 11,000,000 
bales as the crop of last year. The triumphant commercial 
march of our country iri the last few years is a matter of 
just pride to every patriotic American. 

The financial conditition of our country was never better. 
Our imports for the fiscal year were eight hundred and fifty 



40 Adiinss of Mi . Ihrry <>>/ the 

millions — in excess of all past records; our exports, one billion 
four hundred millions, givin,:^ the safe balance (.)f five hundred 
and fifty millions. Such figures guarantee wealth and pros- 
perity to our country and startle the foreign world, who are 
ever seeking new markets. Our receipts are six millions a 
month beyond our requirements. 

What keen plea.sure would it give to him whose statue we 
dedicate here to-da>' to look upon his beloved country in its 
present condition. The name of Grant will stand out in 
the annals of history as one of the great military geniu.ses 
of the closing century. The canrpaigns of Gr.\nt and Lee 
along the waters of the James and the Rappahannock will be 
the theme of students in the art of war for all time. 

Ma>' I be excused just here for .saying one word for the 
modest soldier, General Lee, wlio resisted the Federal Army 
with such consinnmate .skill; who. when he realized that it 
would be murder to keep up the struggle, surrendered his 
tattered and emaciated army and accepted the final arbitra- 
ment of the sword? None recognized more than the ]ieople 
of the South the chivalrous character of General Gr.\nt. His 
refusal to take Lee's sword; his ordering his wagon train to 
bring 25,000 rations to his men, in whose haver.sacks he had 
found only a few grains of parched corn; his directing that 
the captured arm\- retain their horses, saying, "They will 
need them on their farms," all evidence his magnanimity. 
His .sincerity is manifested when, in his final report to Sec- 
retary Stanton, he said, "Let them hope for perpetual peace 
and harmony with that enemy who.se manhood, however 
mistaken the cau.se, drew forth such heroic deeds of valor." 
Every Southern .soldier should and does respect the man 
who uttered such sentiments to vanquished foes. He was the 
embodiment of grim-visaged war while the fight progres.sed, 



/IriYp/aiice of tlic S/afiic of Gciicial Ulvsscs S. (irant. 41 

hut he was hninane and magnanimous when the enemy sur- 
rendered. Xime knew this Ijetter tlian General Lee. 

His example will he an inspiration to the manhood of 
America. Truh niiijht we apply to him the lanjcnage of the 

poet: 

Were a star quenched on hii;h. 

For ages would its hglit. 
Still wanderiiii; downward thro\it;h the sky, 

Heani on our mortal sight. 
So when a great man dies. 

For years beyond our ken 
The light he leaves behind him shines 

fpon the i)aths of men. 

\'isitors t<i our national ca])ital wonder that there is no 
monument to commemorate tlie name and character of this 
brave soul. The peoj)le have awakened from their .seeming' 
letharg\'. Congress has taken steps to re]>air an apparent 
neglect, and without a dis.sentiiig vote has appropriated 
$10,000 to .secure a design that shall express in a fitting 
way their veneration for one of their greatest .sons. Could 
he look upon the scene here to-day and know that the men 
he so gallantly led are showing their gratitude and apprecia- 
tion of his services, it certainly would repay him for e\-ery 
.sacrifice he made for the cotnitry he so dexotedly loved. 



42 Address of Mr. Grosvetior on the 



ADDRESS OF Mr. GROSVENOR, OF OHIO. 

Mr. Speaker, time as it rolls along fills up and makes per- 
manent reputations, breaks down and destroys reputations. 
In no walk of life, I presume, does time effect greater changes 
than in the career and history of the soldier. 

I shall speak but a very few minutes, and, of course, shall 
not go over the historical data pertaining to the history and 
career of this magnificent American. But I want to .speak 
along a line of thought incident, first, to the period of the 
activity of Grant, and then to the period in which we are 
now living, and see how much of the present we owe to what 
he did in the past. 

He was born in an humble cabin, in an humble district of 
Ohio, in the Congressional district now represented by my 
friend from Ohio [Mr. Brown] , and was sent by the kindness 
of a member of Congress to the Military Academy. He did 
not go there under a competitive examination. He went 
there at the suggestion and upon the .selection of a member 
of Congress — a politician. There has not been a man who 
has arrived at greatness in either the Army or the Navy of the 
United States who did not get his start in ju.st that way. He 
did not develop greatness, as I have read the record, either 
at the Military Academy or during his service as a soldier 
prior to the war of the rebellion, and he made a very slow 
.start in the beginning of the war. Going out as colonel of 
an Illinois regiment, he very .shortly became a brigadier-general. 

But the stars of that period of the civil war were not very 
hard to obtain, provided always the applicant or the recipient 
was capable of drilling a regiment or even a company. So 
little was known of militarv tactics among the volunteer 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 43 

troops of the North that he who could come possessed of 
ability enough to set a regiment in its proper position in the 
field was almost sure of early promotion; and it was that 
sort of promotion that Grant got. His earliest and warm- 
est champions would not say that, beyond his practical 
knowledge which he had learned in the Army and at West 
Point, he had shown any qualities that would have singled hiin 
out from any of the other colonels of the splendid body of men 
who commanded the Illinois troops in the volunteer ser\'ice. 

He had the good fortune to be pointed at early by the envy 
and jealousy of others. He had the good fortune to l)e con- 
demned bitterly at the very outset of his great career. The 
criticisms that were heaped upon him in his campaign along 
the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers were significant of the 
jealousies and heartburnings and ambitions of that period of 
time. But out of it there came the first indications of his 
greatness of character as a soldier. 

I do not know that I should at this time undertake to 
describe with accuracy what it was in particular that indi- 
cated itself then, unless it was his determination to kee]i 
out of quarrels and controversies and to go steadily and 
straightforwardly upon the persistent pathway that he liad 
selected in those campaigns. It is perfectly fair in making 
history to say that he was suirounded and environed by 
hostile criticism from the Headquarters of the Army, that 
turned out to be not only unjust at the time' and for the 
conditions then existing, but which became contemptible and 
in.significant in the light of that which followed. 

The campaign up those rivers was a campaign of wonder- 
ful import. Those wh(j remember the effect that the 
campaign of Grant at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson had 
upon the great army of the Confederacy that had wintered 



44 Addirss of Mi . (irosvoior on the 

at Pii)\vlin;4 Green and Nashville and through that intericir 
section of the South will remember very well ttie effect that 
Shiloli had upon tlie entire movement of that "reat arnn-. 

His ideas of strategy, that were scarceh" put in writing, 
hut were worked out with the same tenacity of purpose that 
was afterwards exhibited in the Wilderness, were manifest at 
that time and have stood the fire of criticism ever since. 

I shall not follow him through his career. I .speak only 
of his growth and development at the beginning. I shall 
not discu.ss his strategy at Chattanooga, when he came to 
take command of the armies of the West after the undeci.sive 
battle of Chickamauga. He found the United States troops 
at Chattanooga practically cut off from supplies — almost in a 
condition of starvation. Let me say, Mr. Speaker, that 
he found more suffering in the I'liion Arnn- at Chattanooga 
for want of medical, hospital, quartermaster, and connni.ssarv 
stores than all the 250,000 men who .served in the Sjianish 
war had to endure from the firing of the first gun down to 
the surrender of Spain and the treaty of Paris. 

He found more men sick and dying than were sick and dying 
in the whole Army of the laiited vStates that conquered Spain. 
He took hold of that army. This is not the time to di.scu.ss the 
men who were his a.ssistants. Gk.\nt never had an a.ssi.stant in 
the popular acceptation of tliat term. The jjlans of that army 
were his plans. The troops west of the mountains and .south- 
west were moved and brought together and concentrated upon 
his own plan and b\- his own orders. He had just achieved 
di.senthrallment from the War Department. He had just .gotten 
rid of the baneful influence of some of the inheritances that the 
old army had cast upon the new army. 

I do not desire, as I said, to ffjllow the details of this cam- 
paign. I wish to point out this fact: Thirty-five years have 



Afccptaiicc of the Statue of (iencial Ulysses. S. (Jrant. 45 

passed over our heads since (iKAXT achieve<l the cuhnination of 
his great fame as a soldier. During that time there luive been 
wars in the world. During tlial lime there have been great 
changes in military tactics, in niilitar\- organization, in military 
supplies and munitions, and all that ajipertains to the military 
arm of governments; but 1 \enture to say that among those 
who ha\'e come and gone, among tluise who have led armies in 
Kgyi't, in ( lermany, in France, and in Africa, there has lieen no 
man who has any pretense of competition with ( tK.^nt as a sol- 
dier to-day. The men who led tliose armies may have inherited 
greater armies, better armament, and better material. They may 
have fallen commanders to greater armies. They may have had 
greater accunudations of nuuiitions of war. They may have had 
many an auxiliary of success better than (iK.-VNT had. But there 
is not one of them who stands to-day upon the record of war, or 
who will stand upon the record of the historian of the future, 
with an>thing like the character of Gr.^xt as a great soldier. 

He has been criticised .somewhat b\' one of the great generals 
of Europe, great in the amount of jiay that he draws, great in 
the high rank that he holds, great in the splendid decorations 
that he has; but I ask my countrymen here to-day, when we 
are considering something of (■.k.\nt in the li.ght of thirty-five 
years, whether we may not with a pride that is enjoyable con- 
trast the career of Gr.\xt, all his mistakes, if he ever made any; 
stud\- his tactics, study all that he ever did as a soldier — and he 
was the great soldier anil center of our ojjerations — c(3mpare 
them, with the most critical eye, with the Ijest thing that has 
been done by the Briti.sh army in its great campaign a.gainst the 
Boers, and tell me whether (tK.\nt does not .shine like a meteor. 

General Grant never sent an unequipped and unprepared 
army into a .strange country — strange in its topography, strange 
in its water courses, strange in all that relates to the physical 



46 Address of Mr. Grosvenot on the 

conditions of the countn' — and divided his army up into three 
columns and sent them off into different directions to unsupport- 
ing distances and allowed them to be whipped in detail. It is an 
eas}' thing to overpower an enemy when j-ou have five to one 
and are fighting with ever)' advantage in your favor, and strat- 
egy counts but little where brute force is in such discrepancy. 

I think the strategy of Grant that centered in the Wilder- 
ness and in front of Richmond the magnificent organization 
of the Army of the Potomac will live as an exemplar of 
military strategy and perfection long after Wolseley, his critic, 
long after Wolseley, the man who had depreciated him, long 
after Wolseley, the hero of Tel el Kebir, in Egypt, and the 
planner of the strategj' of South Africa, will have been rele- 
gated to his proper position among the great generals of the 
world. 

So much for Gr.\nt as a soldier. He was a great soldier. 
He was great in detail and great in aggregation. He was 
great in his knowledge of the position of a soldier and great 
in his knowledge of the position of armies. 

Grant had the advantage of the Southern Confederacy in 
point of numbers and in point of the ability of his Govern- 
ment to furnish him munitions of war. The time is coming 
when we will more frankly discu.ss this question than has 
been proper in the days that have gone by. The time is 
coming when we shall feel less inclined to take offense or to 
fear friction and criticism when we discuss more frankly the 
real relative positions of the two great armies that confronted 
each other. Brieflj-, the Northern army had more men, more 
money, a seacoast, a l)etter navy. Other suggestions might 
be made. So much for the Northern army. The Southern 
army had an advantage which, in my judgment, was as great 
or greater than all these aggregated. 



Acceptance of the Statue of Getieral Ulysses S. Grant. 47 

The Southern army foug:ht upon interior Hnes. The}- fought 
upon their chosen ground. They fought upon the ground of 
which they had full knowledge, and without that in their 
favor the disparity of numbers would have made it impossible 
that even the Americans of the South, the splendid soldiers of 
those armies, imbued by patriotism as they understood it, by 
false patriotism as we understood it, with all their glorious 
chivalry and devotion to their cause, could ever have main- 
tained themselves for four bloody years as they did. 

So much for the fighting part of it. 

Gkant was a good jwlitician, a good .statesman; and I am 
going to point out very briefly a point in his career that I think 
it is well for us to consider now. Gk.wt was in favor of 
giving everybody a fair chance. There was a great deal of 
argument on his conduct alx)ut the horses. And is it not won- 
derful now that some members of this Hou.se who can go back 
and remem1)er the bitterness with which we closed that war and 
came out of it have lived to vote to ratif\- Gkaxt'.s generosity 
to the Southern soldier by passing in the Hou.se of Representa- 
tives a bill to pay some of those straggling soldiers for some of 
those straggling horses that Grant advi.sed them to take 
home — the .soldiers so straggling that I am afraid they are all 
dead, and the horses .so straggling that we may never get an 
estimate of their value: and yet, lest we should not do our duty 
by the great commander's beneficent suggestion, we are willing 
to send our Departments out and hunt up the widows and chil- 
dren and next of kin and legal representatives of these men 
and paj' them for horses when we do not know exactly what 
their original title was. 

Grant proposed that the Southern people should start out 
without any load upon them. They were to start even: they 
were to start undisfranchised. They were to vote, they were 



4'-i .-h/ih'iss of Mr. Ciroavcnor on the 

to l)econie inemliL'rs of a j^reat l)(i(l\' politic, and tliey were to 
work out their salvation not as enemies of this country, but 
as friends. And no man did more to la\' the foundation upon 
wliidi equal rights have been extended to the vSoutli than did 
that grim soldier. Grant. 

Now, the thought that comes to me is this: In a free govern- 
ment all must participate. In a government where all are 
taxed, all are compelled to obey the law, everybody nuist stand 
upon an equality of political rights or there will be destruction 
and overthrow of the body politic. The activity of enemies is 
far more potential to injure a republic than the activity of 
friends to uphold and supjiort it. vSo it is incon.sistent with the 
very idea of a free government that there shall be within that 
government a body of men who by rea.son of .some distinction 
shall be in an inferior political relation to the govennuent than 
the other cla.ss of the ])eople. 

You can have all friends of a government and it will live; 
but you can not maintain a free government half friends and 
half enemies. And so if General Gr.\xt were alive to-day and 
could speak from his magnificent resting place in New York, in 
ray judgment — and I say it in all kindness and only as a sug- 
gestion, reviewing in the mind's eye only the things which he 
did and said to the people of the .South, and the potentiality of 
his plans in that direction — he would .say to the people of the 
vSonth, " Be careful how you enter upon the making of a condi- 
tion that, shall place in the census returns of the eleven 
vSouthern States a registered Ixxly <if disfranchi.sed and forever 
organized enemies." 

It is hard to work out the other plan, and there are many 
drawbacks to it, and the people of this c(juntr\- ought to be 
exceedingly patient while the great problem is being solved; 
but the other ]ilan, that makes an organized body of aliens, is 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 49 

a worse plan, and will unsettle, ultimately, the very foundation 
upon which free government stands. 

Mr. Speaker, I will not extend my remarks further. I had 
a little personal knowledge of General Gr.vxt by mere contact. 
I met him first in the Sequatchie Valley as he came to take 
command of the army down there. He demonstrated to us 
one of his wonderfid characteristics — his judgment of men — 
when he took away from the army under Thomas and Rose- 
crans some of our very best generals, who afterwards liecame 
magnificent .soldiers in the Army of the Potomac. I met him 
afterwards several times in the reunions of the soldiers, and 
met him finally when he was President of the United States. 

We look U]W)n General Gk.a.xt not only as the greatest soldier 
that this country lias ever produced, but a .soldier far greater 
than has been produced elsewhere in all the world, judged by a 
critical study of what he accomplished, the manner of its accom- 
plishment, and all the surrounding incidents of his great career. 

Grant was produced in this country. He was an American 
through and through, a man of great proportions. He has 
been dead fifteen > ears, and during the whole of that period of 
time no successful rival of Gr.^nt has appeared anywhere upon 
the stage of the world's activity: and to-day we do ourselves 
honor when we come here, speaking in our representative 
capacity, speaking for the comrades of the dead chieftain, 
speaking for the loved ones who followed his career while their 
loved ones were expo.sed to war and evil — when we come in 
all these capacities to testify our lo\-e for Gr.-vnt, our pride 
in memory of him, our affection and love for that which he 
accomplished, and to renew upon this .same shrine our fidelity 
and fealty to the countr>- which he saved from ruin, and come 
to point the eyes of all the world to this truest and best type of 
an American citizen. 

S. Doc. 451 4 



JO Address of Mr. Linncy on the 



ADDRESS OF MR, LlNNEY, OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Mr. Speaker, without the memories and graves of the world 
we would indeed be poor. Grant's recorded thoughts will 
refresh and strengthen those w'ho search for wisdom, knowl- 
edge, and understanding for centuries to come. If nothing 
were in existence except one war paper which he wrote 
without five minutes' thought at Appomattox, he would take 
rank among the world's greatest thinkers. That article has 

only live periods: 

.\ppoM.\TTOx CouRT-HousE, April 9, iS6s. 

Gkner.\i,: In accordance with the substance of my letter to you of the 

8th instant, I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of Northern 

Virginia on the following terms, to wit: Rolls of all the officers and men 

to be made in duplicate, one copy to be given to an officer to be designated 

by me, the other to be retained by such officer or officers as you may des- 

io-nate; the officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms 

against the Government of the United States until properly exchanged, 

and each company or regimental commander to sign a like parole for the 

men of their command. The arms, artillery, and public property to be 

parked and stacked and turned over to the officers appointed by me to 

receive them. This will not embrace the side arms of the officers nor 

their private horses or baggage. This done, each officer or man will be 

allowed to return to his home, not to be disturbed by United States 

authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force 

where they ma^- reside. 

U. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-General . 

General R. E. LEE. 

General Grant possessed the rare mental excellence of 

expressing himself with technical accuracy in the fewest 

words po.s.sible. Not a word can be taken from this great 

war paper without marring its beauty and perfection. If I 

were to attempt an analysis of his intellectual being, I should 

say he had two eyes and but one tongue. He saw much 

and expressed it tersely. It is a common infirmity of orators 



Acceptance of iJu Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 51 

to possess two tongues and one eye. They talk about matters 
which their mind's e\e has never penetrated. 

Graxt was even greater with the sword than with the 
pen. While possessing a combination of the greatest moral 
and intellectual qualities, that made him a great President, 
his fame as one of the very greatest leaders of armies entitles 
him to rank as the world's greatest hero, except possibly our 
own beloved Washington. 

Being one of the vanquished in the great war in which 
General Grant was the greatest character, I approach the 
discussion of his great qualities with some embarras-sment. 
It rarely happens that the vanquished can find it in their 
hearts to think well of the victors. When armed cohorts 
march at the drumbeat with flying colors and join in deadly 
conflict on the field of carnage, the shouts of \'ictory by the 
conquering army are not relished by the vanquished. 

The superb judgment, courage, and magnanimity of Grant, 
the tlu^ee excellencies that make up great character, will ever 
command the respyect of the true Southern hero. Gk.\nt was 
great in performance without pretension. At the breaking 
out of the war between the States Grant wrote to the 
Secretan.- of War: "I think I am capable of commanding a 
regiment." This letter was never answered. Gr-ANT's mod- 
esty was such that his capacity was hidden from the gaze of 
the world for a great while His statement as to how he felt 
upon the first advance upon the enemy pro\-es his candor and 
loyalty to truth. Few warriors ever admit that they fear any- 
thing. 

Mv heart kept getting higher and higher until it felt to me as though it 
was in my throat: when I foand that the enemy had retreated, my heart 
resumed its place. From that time to the end I never experienced trepi- 
dation upon confronting an enemy, though I always felt more or less 
anxietv. 



52 Address of Mr. Liniicy on the 

Grant was then 41 years of age. Within three years a bill 
renewing the grade of Lieutenant-General was passed by Con- 
gress and Grant was made Lieutenant-General and com- 
manded an army of 700,000 men on the field. With this 
innnense force he planned two campaigns to be simultane- 
ously directed against the most vital points of the Confed- 
eracy. Meade was marching against Richmond, Sherman 
against Atlanta. 

In the short period from his confirmation by the Senate to 
the surrender at Appomattox, thousands of the heroes whom 
Grant commanded had perished, and Grant stood in the 
presence of General Lee, whose army he had subdued, as great 
in sympathy for the fallen as he had been courageous in battle. 
Mr. Speaker, in the human heart it.self is hidden the .secret 
fountain which refreshes or saddens its sweet or bitter waters. 
Courage, knowledge, and the broadest philanthropy" combined 
to make Grant one of the world's greatest characters. A 
bright day with Grant "brought forth no adder." Honor 
crowned him in the popular heart "without putting a sting in 
him." His affection for mankind "held equal sway with his 
reason." When he reached the highest round in the ladder of 
fame, he scorned no agency by which he did ascend. No, my 
countrymen, at no stage of Grant's official life did he di,sre- 
gard the obligation that rested upon him before high Heaven 
"to love his friends." Thank God that in the mid.st of the 
highest official honors this Republic can boast of one Chief. 
Executive who never forgot or neglected a friend. 

A great general can not be properly judged without knowing 
nuich of the foe whom he has vanqui-shed. Upon the jirinciple 
of contrast and comparison we measure with technical accuracy 
the greatness of the military hero. Napoleon and Wellington, 
Washington and Cornwallis, Grant and Lee, will ever appear 



Acceptance of the Slo/i/c of Cicncral Ulysses S. Grant. 53 

in the popular mind in some way associated. Neither of the 
three greatest warriors could be properly judged without the 
knowledge of the true character and strength of the foe van- 
quished. Cieneral Lee was the almost idolized hero of the 
dashing, gallant .sons of the South, as General Gk.vnt was the 
darling of the steady, courageous soldiers of the North. It was 
left to the lamented Blaine to delineate in perfect truth the 
character of the men of the South. Their domestic relations 
imparted manners that were haughty and sometimes offensive: 
they were Cjuick to affront, and they not infrequently brought 
needless personal di.sputation into the discu.ssion of public 
questions; but the>' were alnio.si without exce])tion men of 
the highest integrity and courage. These great warriors and 
soldiers of the South underrated the courage and jiower of 
the North. 

Yes, Mr. Speaker, we said to the jieople of the North, What 
will you be when emasculated b\- the withdrawal of fifteen 
States and warred upon by them with active and inveterate 
hostility? The courageous men of the South hurled this state- 
ment into the ears of the North with the utmost candor and 
.sincerity. Every sea will swarm with our pri\-ateers, the vol- 
initeer militia of the ocean. We belie\'ed the Confederacy' was 
right. Thus the motive actuating the men of the South and 
their hopes of success which made them a dreaded foe against 
any human power on the earth appears. .Six hundred thou- 
sand such men led by Generals Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jack- 
.son, and James Longstreet constituted a military force probably 
as formidable to resist inva.sion as any that the world's history 
has ever known. The .subjugation of so powerful an army and 
so courageous a people by any military organization that could 
be brought upon tlie field of liattle, and whose movements 
conld be directed bv an\- one commander, entitles Gk.^xt to 



54 Address of Mr. Linncy on the 

rank with Julius Csesar, Hannibal, Xapoleon Bonaparte, or our 
own beloved Washington. 

The moral courage displayed by General Gra.nt in the very 
moment of victory touching his deahngs with the vanquished 
was almost godlike. 

Jugurtha, a Xumidian king, appeared before the great city 
of the world and hurled this remarkable exclamation against it: 

Behold a citv for sale if she could but find a purchaser. 

This insult being resented, armies were organized, but Jugur- 
tha surprised and cut them to pieces. Finally Marius, whom 
Mr. Froude calls the gnarled and knotted oak, with an immense 
army, met Jugurtha, defeated him in battle, made slaves of his 
soldiers, and put him behind iron prison bars, where he starved 
to death. The flashing intellect of Sallust has made the his- 
torical pages of the Jugurthine war glitter as with diamond 
splendor, yet the greatest character of the vanquished in that 
great war starved to death in an iron prison, as the proper 
exercise of the rights of a conqueror over the vanquished. 
Re.gulus, whom General Lee resembles very nnicli. after he had 
defeated a Carthagenian fleet of 350 sails under Hamilcar and 
repulsed three Carthagenian generals in three great battles in 
the mountains, as Lee did before the battle of Appomattox, 
said to the Carthagenians who sued for peace: 

Ycm who are jjood for anything .should either conquer or submit to 
your betters. 

But a short while thereafter the strong, lion-hearted Reg- 
ulus, being overcome in battle by the Carthagenians, suffered 
death at the hands of the victorious Carthagenians by being 
placed in a barrel which was afterwards perforated with sharp 
iron bars, and the luihappy, vanquished Regulus hurled over a 
precipice in this condition, and thus he perished. My Southern 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 55 

comrades in arms, our ideal military leader, General Robert' 
Edward Lee, the worshiped hero of the strong men of the 
vSoutli, inflicted heavier and deadlier blows upon our strong 
adversary than hotli Jugurtha and Regulus were capable of 
doing, and he stood, as chief of the vanquished, in the presence 
of the victorious conqueror. General Ulvssks .S. Grant, as free 
from insult or violence or humiliation of any sort as the great 
mind of tlie matchless hero of American armies was free from 
any disposition to exercise arl)itrar\' ])ower even against a 
fallen foe. 

The honor which this hour of victory bestowed upon Grant 
would ha\'e excited the vanit>' of almost any other human 
being in the uni\-erse. Grant had listenetl to the death rattle 
of more than a hundred thousand of the brave soldiers whose 
deeds of daring had made his name innnortal and saved this 
nation of the free from disintegration and death. The earth was 
then drinking the warm blood of the dead and dying heroes 
who followed him and the cause he represented with a loyalty 
never surpassed in the great performances of the human family. 

As the heart of Gr.\nt filed in indescribable sympathy and 
anguish for the loss of these heroes, no doubt his great soul 
felt resentment toward the vanquished. Poor, frail humanity, 
even with the great Gr.vxt, could not claim exemption from 
this weakness, if weakness it l;>e: but Gr.vnt ro.se above this 
influence, potential as it was in this greatest hour of his life, 
and by an act of sovereign virtue enthroned him.self in the 
hearts of every vanquished Southern .soldier worth}' and able 
to bear a helmet. The sweep and range of his intellect and 
the dominion of his con.science took notice of everything that 
would claim the attention of man, to say nothing of the 
world's matchless, conquering hero. 

As the windows of his soul rested upon the pallid faces, 



56 Adr/rcfis of Mr. LInncy on the 

tattered garments, and lileeding feet of the surviving warriors, 
'sons of the Sonth, Grant uttered these expressions: 

Let them take their horses home with them; they will need them to 
bring on their spring crops. 

When the surrender of Lee came, Grant said: 

I felt like anything rather than rejoicing at the downfall of a foe who 
had fought so long and so valiantly, and had suffered so much for a cause 
for which there was the least excuse. 

When Grant heard from General Lee, at the time of the 
surrender, tliat the .Southern army liad been hviiig on parched 
corn for .some days, he invited General Lee to .send his quarter- 
master to the Federal commissary for 25,000 rations for the 
25,000 survivors of the Confederate arnn-. When the news of 
the surrender of General Lee became known, the United States 
Arniv Ije.gan to make ])reparations for the firing of a salute of a 
lunulred guns in honor of the victory. General Grant directed 
it to be stopped, .saying, "The Confederates are now our pris- 
oners, and we do not want to exult over their downfall." 

Under the conditions stated, these expre.ssions estal)lished 
forever the claims of tlie admirers of the great warrii:)r that in 
judgment, courage, and philanthropy Grant stands single and 
alone, without an equal in the universe. No wonder that as a 
legitimate result of the treatment liy General Gk.vnt of General 
Lee at Appomattox .so many of the sin-vi\-ors (.)f that great national 
tragedy have seen the nation's heart swell and laugh at the 
march of Shafter at Santiago, a Northern hero, and Joe Wheeler, 
a battle-scarred son of the South, at elbow touch in the defense 
of the honor of otu' common country the world's best hope. 

'Tis ended; Grant's radiaut course is run. 

For Gr.'^nT's course was bright. 
His ooul is like the glorious sun — 

A matchless, heavenly light ! 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 57 



ADDRESS OF MR. GARDNER, OF MICHIGAN. 

Mr. .S]ieaker, the American civil war from 1S61 to 1865 is 
the most jiromineiit event of tlie nineteenth century. While 
tragic interest in the great drama it.self may at first attract, 
the important questions settled will longest hold the attention 
of the intelligent oliserver. From the formative period of our 
Government there were two recognized difficulties, each por- 
tentous of e\il, the ])eaceful and permanent solution of which 
baffled the skill of the wisest statesmen our country has pro- 
duced. One of these gave origin to the motive, the other 
justification to the act, which in later years well-nigh disrupted 
the Republic. 

Under the Constitution the doctrine of supremacy, repre- 
sented in the legislative, executive, and judicial departments 
of the United States, as against the reserved rights and sover- 
eignty of the individual States composing the Union, early 
gave ri.se to two schools of statesmen and to two great and 
varying i.ssues, far-reaching in their consequences. Washing- 
ton had not yet descended to his grave when men whose patri- 
otic services in a common cause render luminous the pages of 
our countrv's earlier history ranged themseh'es on the one side 
or the other of a controversy which, taken up by their succes- 
sors, was waged for more than sixty years, always with spirit 
and often with acrimony, evolving successively from the earlier 
tenet of reserved rights the principle of .State rights. State .sov- 
ereignty, nunification, and armed rebellion. 

While it is true that it remained for one portion of our coun- 
try rather than another to sectionalize and unify sentiment, to 
ripen nullification into secession and secession into a hostile 



58 .-It/dn'ss of Mr. Gardner on the 

attempt to destroy the Govenmieiit, it is equally true that 
prior to iSfii the principle of luillification, so perilous to 
national unity and national supremacy, had its advocates north 
as well as south of Mason and Dixon's line. Federal enact- 
ments and Federal decrees had been repeatedly set at defiance 
in both sections of the country. Such seemed the inevitable 
drift of events that there were not wanting those in the North 
or South, at home or abroad, who confidently predicted an 
early dis.solution of the Republic and a consequent failure of 
self-government on the American continent. 

The shot that echoed across the waters of Charleston Harbor 
on that eventful April morning in 1861 tran.sferred the conflict, 
which had waged successively about the standards of Hamilton 
and Jefferson, of Webster and Calhoun, of Lincoln and Douglas, 
from the forum of debate to the field of battle. It called to 
arms vast numbers of brave men, who struggled with consum- 
mate devotion for the mastery. Sir, I shall not undertake to 
compare the fighting qualities of the Federal and Confederate 
armies. It is enough for either to say that the military glory 
of the one is but the reflected valor of the other, and that both 
were, are now, and ever will be Americans. 

I shall not undertake to compare the military merits of 
Gr.\xT with those of the acknowledged leaders on either .side 
further than to saj' that he .succeeded where other Union gen- 
erals failed, and that the great chieftain, Vjefore whose well- 
directed blows every other Federal conunander recoiled, came 
to Grant asking for terms of capitulation. I prefer, rather, to 
direct the attention of the House to some of the abiding results 
of that war in which, from the beginning to the end, the mili- 
tary genius of Gr.\nt shone with a steady and increasing .splen- 
dor, results which best serve to crown his fame and perpetuate 
his name as the greatest of American commanders of men. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 59 

I trust I will not be misunderstood, now that the passions of 
the hour have cooled and the stirring events of a generation 
ago have passed into history when I saj- that, while depre- 
cating war, when the Go\-ernnient was assailed there was for 
loyal men no honorable alternati\'e but to accept the issue. To 
ha\-e done otherwise would ha\-e proved us unworthy of our 
heritage. It would have invited rather than averted war as a 
consequence of future inevitable divisions and subdivisions of 
territory. It woidd have placed side by side, with no natural 
barriers inter\-ening, two governments representative of two 
irreconcilable civilizations — the corner stone of the one, freedom; 
of the other, slavery. A cowardly assent to a dismemberment 
of the l'nit)n without a heroic and determined effort to preserve 
it would have visited upon us the just contempt of the civilized 
world. It would have made the republican forn; of government 
a byword and a reproach among the nations of the earth. But 
inseparable from the defense of the Government was the .settle- 
ment of certain great fundamental <;[Uestions the constant 
agitation of which was a perpetual menace to the Union. In 
the arena of debate discussion of these (piestions had been 
exhausted, and now in the appeal to arms they were present 
for final adjustment. 

The war determined beyond controversy that in the United 
States of America the Federal Constitution is the supreme law 
of the land and that the primary allegiance of ever)- citizen 
of the Republic is to the General rather than to the State 
government. 

The war eliminated nullification as a factor in American 
politics by causing the Federal Supreme Court to be conceded 
the ultimate authority in the construction of law, and that the 
law as so construed nuist be respected and obeyed by all alike 
until changed Ijv constitutional and not bv revolutionarv 



6o Address of Mr. Gardner on the 

methods. The war settled forever the question of State sov- 
ereignty by declaring that in the relations existing between the 
National and State gov-ernments the latter are integral but 
subordinate parts of the former. The war put a permanent 
and unqualified prohibition upon the right of a State to secede 
from the I'nion : and never again, if a .State .should attempt 
to .secede, \vill any Chief Executive he.sitate as to his cour.se 
of duty nor question the authority of the General Government 
to coerce tuitil such rebellious member resumes its normal 
relations. When the war closed we were a nation, a Union 
of States, one and inseparable. Each and every one of these 
propositions, now irrevocably settled, was an open question 
when Grant first buckled on his sword at Galena, kissed his 
wife and children, and went forth to battle for his country 
and, as he was destined, to win imperishable renown. 

I shall not dwell on the moral issue involved in that war. 
It is sufficient to .say of it that when the flag of our country 
has l)een furled for the la.st time and laid away in the archives 
of nations dead — and may that day be distant a thousand years 
and more I — every intelligent child on the jilanet will know 
that in a great war during the nineteenth century of the 
Christian era, in a country known as the United States of 
America, a race of God-created, God-endowed beings were 
liberated from 1)ondage, and that while the battle for freedom 
raged the hands of .\braham Lincoln were stayed up bv tho.se 
of Ulysses S. Grant. 

On this day, when the North and the South join in common 
tribute, if the marl:)le lips of the silent chieftain in yonder hall 
could but break into speech. I doubt not they would give 
utterance to feelings of gratitude that the .sentiments of peace 
and good will between the sections, once the hope of his 
patriotic heart, are now tlie realization of all his countrvmen. 



Acceptance of the Statue of Genual Ulysses S. Gratit. 6i 

If yonder image of the illustrious dead were this day animate 
with life, the jilacid face would glow with the thought that 
not onh- in his beloved America, but in Cuba and Porto Rico 
and far-away Luzon representatives of the Confederate gray 
and the Federal blue stand side by side beneath a common 
flag, with their faces set to a common foe, ready to do or die 
in behalf of a connnon country, while 80,000,000 of Ameri- 
cans would join in glad acclaim — 

I'orever float that standard sheet ! 

Where breathes the foe but falls before us, 
With Freedom's soil beneath our feet, 

And Freedom's Ijanner streaming o'er us? 



62 Address of Mr. Brosius on the 



ADDRESS OF Mr Brosius, of Pennsylvania. 

Mr. Speaker, the ceremony of this day affords an occasion 

for a review of the character and career of Ulysses S. Grant. 

It may be that the time has not come for history to seal the 

verdict which shall irrevocably fix his place in the ranks of 

fame. Yet the judgment of mankind on a general view of 

the totality of his character and achievements, within the 

limitations which the time and the sphere of his action impose 

distinctly, mark him as the colossal figure in the historic 

web of war's wonderous weaving. 

As constant as the Northern Star, 

Of whose true-fi.xed and resting quality 

There is no fellow in the firmament. 

As yon dwell with me for a brief space upon the charac- 
teristics and forces with which this marvelous man reared 
the fabric of his greatness, your patience will be rewarded by 
the consolatory and instructive reflection that gratitude to 
public benefactors is the common sentiment of mankind, that 
the fame of noble men is at once the most enduring and most 
valuable public possession, and that the contemplation of the 
heroic dead exerts a salutary and ennobling influence upon 
the living. It was such an influence that led a young Greek, 
two thousand years ago, while walking over the fields upon 
which a Grecian warrior won his victories, to exclaim "The 
trophies of Miltiades will not let me sleep." So with the 
contemplation of the great career of our deed hero may come 
an incantation that will conjure spirits of hi.gh principle and 
exalted patriotism round about us until, like Hector's .son, 
we catch heroic fire from the splendid courage, sublime devo- 
tion, and lofty genius of our illustrious soldier. 



Acceptance of the Statue of Genei-al Ulysses S. Grant. 63 

General Grant presents from every possible point of view 
an extraordinary career and a singularly unicjue character. 
In some of his attributes, and not a few of the characteristic 
exhibitions of his rare powers, he is without a parallel in 
American history. His acknowledged preeminence in no sen.se 
aro.se, nor was it in any degree promoted, by the conditions 
of his life. Neither birth, nor rank, nor fortune aided his 
advancement. Allowing for the national exigency which 
presented a field for the e.xerci.se of his powers, his achieve- 
ments were due entirely to principles, qualities, and forces 
which summed up a remarkable personality, and in .some 
respects the most imposing and colossal character of modern 
times. 

He posse.ssed an imperious will, sound judgment, stupend- 
ous endurance, and a courage that never quailed. In deport- 
ment he was thoughtful, quiet, and unobtrusive, a stranger 
to ostentation or egotism, simple in his tastes, elevated in 
sentiment, and benevolent in feeling. He thought with alert- 
ness, observed with clearness, executed with promptness, and 
never left off until he was done. He was fertile in expedients, 
rich in resources, and under every e.xtremity of circumstance 
held all his best powers in perfect command. He was ready 
to obey and willing to command, content to execute the orders 
of others or give them him.self, as his dut_\- required, and his 
elevated soul never knew the taint of jealousy or envy. 

He was firm and resolute of purpo.se and a signal example of 
the highest fidelity to conviction, devotion to duty, and loyalty 
to conscience and country. As Cicero said of Cfesar, he was 
generous to his friends, forbearing with his enemies, without 
e\'il in himself, and reluctant to believe evil in others. Pros- 
perity never made him arrogant: elevation never turned his 
head or made him forget the obligations of duty, the claims of 



64 Address of Mr. Brosius on the 

friendship, or the restraints of moral principle. He maintained 
a high standard of personal character, possessed a vigorous 
moral sense, and an integrity of heart that kept him a stranger 
to moral delinquenc\- through the severe strain of adverse cir- 
cumstances with which a hard fate in his declining years tried 
the superb metal of his manhood. 

With such an a.ssemblage of qualities inhering in the man, he 
grew like an oak, self -developed, into the extraordinary com- 
bination of working forces which he was able to employ with 
such signal advantage to his country on the most extended and 
elevated theater of action that ever called out the might and 
courage of man or witnessed the splendid achievements of his 
heroism. 

There were in his character two forces which made his great- 
ness pos.sible. One was a sublime and lofty self-trust. He 
leaned upon no man's arm. He walked erect in every path of 
exertion he was called to pursue. When in command he 
assumed the re.sponsibility which accompanied duty, and 
advanced with firm and stately step, his march centered on his 
great soul's con.sciousness of rectitude, power, and leadership. 
The other principle which had a large agency in molding his 
life was that there is no royal road to eminence; that the best 
thing a man can do under any circumstances is his duty. If 
Schiller's poetic soul had put to him the question, "What 
shall I do to gain eternal life?" his kindred .spirit would have 
an.swered back in the poet's own glowing words: 

Thy duty ever 
Discharge aright the simple duties with 
Which each day is rife. Yea, with thy might. 

He dedicated his power with rare singleness and devout self- 
con.secration to the work before him. The obligation imposed 
by each day's duty was to him a "thus saith the Lord;" and 



Acceptance of the Statue of (General Ulysses S. (jrant. 65 

his faith in the resuH was haU' the battle. Sherman once said 
to him: "Your behef in victory I can compare to nothing but 
the faith of a Christian in his Saviour." 

Prior to the war there was nothing in Gr.a..\t's career that 
arrested pubhc attention. He had found no field for the exer- 
cise of those amazing aptitudes for war which he .so promptly 
dedicated to his country's .service when the national struggle 
summoned the genius and patriotism of America to that ulti- 
mate arena whereon the "wager of battle," by the most unex- 
ampled heroism and endurance and the most stupendous efforts 
of martial genius witnessed in modern times, was to solve the 
problem of our destiny. 

At an age when Alexander Hamilton had laid the corner 
.stone of the most s])lendid financial system the world ever .saw, 
and reached the sunnnit of his fame; an age when Garfield 
had filled the chair of a college president, worn the glittering 
stars of a major-general, and occupied a seat in the National 
Congre.ss; and an age at which Napolecju had vanquished the 
combined armies of a continent, and was master of Europe, 
Gr.'VnT was unknown. He had not even discovered himself; 
was living in safe obscurity, one of forty millions, under the 
curse of Adam, earning his bread by the sweat of his brow. 
But within the four corners of his being God had lodged 
endowments of the rarest kind, forces which needed but the 
open air of opportunity and the solar energy of a majestic 
cause to hnrr\' them on to l)loom and fruitage. 

He was not a soldier from taste. His education at West 
Point was accepted rather than sought. His appointment to 
the Military Academy was an accident. When Lincoln issued 
his call for 75,000 men. Grant responded. A public meeting 
was held in his town, over which he presided. By prompting 
and with a stammering tongue he was able to state the object 
S. Doc. 451 5 



66 Address of Mr. Drosins on the 

of the meeting. This was his first great day. It made possible 

his future career of usefuhiess and glory. He tendered his 

services to his country through the Adjutant-General of the 

Army. The letter was never an.swered — not even filed — and 

after the war was rescued from the rubbish of the War 

Department. Later, however, he was commissioned colonel of 

the Twenty-first Illinois Regiment. In a short time, through 

the recommendation of the Illinois delegation in Congress, 

he was commissioned a brigadier-general. His career now 

connnenced. Said one of his eulogists: "He had gained a 

place to stand, and from it he moved the world."' 

The war opened to him the gates of his opportunity. It did 

not make him, but it enabled him to make himself. It was the 

fireproof that tested the metal of the man. 

In the reproof of chance 
Lies the true proof of men. The .sea being smooth, 
How many shallow bauble boats dare sail 
Upon her patient breast, making their way 
With those of nobler bulk. 
But let the ruffian Boreas once engage 
The gentle Thetas, and anon behold 
The stroufj-ribbed bark through liquid mountains cut. 
Where then's the .saucy boat 
Who.se weak, untimbered .sides but even now 
Co-rivaled greatness? Either to harbor fled 
Or made a toast for Neptune. 

How well this high philosophy was exemplified during the 
war has passed into history. One by one the brightest stars in 
our military galaxy, our worshiped chieftains, succeeded each 
other in the demonstration of their incapacity for the command 
of -SO immense an army on so extended a field, until the tanner of 
Galena received his commission, accompanied by the benediction 
of our great war President, and rose at once to the stipreme 
height and filled every condition of the most stupendous under- 
taking that ever challenged the exertions of martial genius. 



Acceptance of tlie Stutuc of General Ulysses S. Grant. 67 

We value a chain by tlie measure of its strength at the 
weakest point; but we \-ahte a man, it has been wisely said, by 
the measure of his strength at the i)lace where he is strongest. 
Gkan'T's strongest points were those which (lualified him for a 
military commander. 

On the field of war, as the leader of armies and fighter of 
battles, he won his chief distinction and reached the summit of 
his splendid fame. 

To explain how men succeed, to analyze the amazing exploits 
of genius and lay bare to the mind's eye the elements which 
combine to make them possible, is a difficult task and one not 
suited to this occasion. But no oh.server of Gra.vt'.s career 
could have failed to note some of the more obvious qualities 
which fitted him for successful war. They were displayed 
with brilliant effect and startling emphasis in that succe.ssion 
of incomparable achievements from Belmont to Appomatto.x. 
True, the former and practically his first battle was lost; but 
Ciesar lost Gergovia, and it is said of him that the manner in 
which he retrieved his failure showed his greatness more than 
the most brilliant of his victories. 

So the success of Gr.vxt in covering his retreat and pro- 
tecting his army at Belmont showed a high degree of dex- 
terity and skill in the management of men, a remarkable 
celerity of movement, coolness, and perfect self-command 
under circumstances calculated in the highest degree to pro- 
duce confusion and dismay. M. Thiers, in his History of the 
French Revolution, suggests as the crucial test of a great 
captain ' ' the power to command a great mass of men amid 
the lightning .shock of battle with the clearness and precision 
with which the philosopher works in his study.'' 

It is said that in ever\- decisive battle there is a moment 
of crisis, on which the fortunes of the dav turn. The 



68 Address of M?: Biosius on the 

commander who seizes and holds that ridge of destiny wins 
the victory. This requires a swift and sure-footed faculty of 
observation, capable of covering the possibilities of a situation, 
discovering the key point of a battlefield and the weak point 
of the enemy's position with the sweep of the eye, as by a 
hghtning flash. The possession of these high capabilities in 
a most con,spicuous degree gave Grant a preeminence all 
his (nvn. 

The day of the battle of Belmont may be called Gr.^nt's 
.second great day, for his qualities as a commander were sub- 
jected to the first .severe test. That battle was fir.st won and 
then lost; lost by losing the discipline of the army. The 
genius of the connnander alone .saved it from dispersion or 
capture. General Gr.^iNT was the last man to leave the 
field, and he escaped, I have .somewhere read, by running his 
horse from the bank of the river to the boat across a .single 
gangway plank. 

Early in the spring of 1862 GR.A.NT reached the conclusion 
that the effective line of operations was up the Tennes.see and 
Cumberland rivers, on which were situated Forts Henry and 
Donelson. In less than twenty days after he had obtained 
Halleck's assent to the projected movement thi..se two forts 
had surrendered to this intrepid commander, together with 
15,000 prisoners of war. This has well been called Gr.\nt'.s 
third great day. It e.stablished him in the confidence of 
the people and confirmed his title to the distinction of being 
a great soldier. 

His letter to General Buckner, in answer to a proposition 
for an armistice, some one has .said reads like the letter of 
Cromwell to the parsons of Edinburgh, and is one of the 
most remarkalile epistles in the military literature of the 
world. 



Acceptance of lite Statue of Ceueral ( 'lyssrs S. drant. 69 

HUADm'AKTKKS AkMV IN THli FlELD, 

CaMI' NKAU I'ORT DONELSOX, 

Fehruary 16, rSdj. 
Sir: Yours of this dalt-, proposiii.t; ;irniistice and appointment of coin- 
iiiissioners to settle terms of ca])itulatioii, is just received. No terms 
except an immediate and unconditional surrender can be accepteil. I 
propose to move iniinediatel>- ujxm your works. 

I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant. 

r. S. Grant, 

Brigadier-Oeneral. 
(k-ncral S. H. BrCKNKR, 

Confederate Army. 

From that day forward he coinmaiuled the respect, admira- 
tion, and affection of every loyal citizen of the Republic. Vet. 
curiously enough. General Hallcck suspended him on the 4th 
of March following. In nine days he was restored to his com- 
mand. The.se nine days were .sad and tearful to the chieftain, 
who felt the wrong like a .scorpion's sting, but no word of com- 
plaint ever escaped his lips. 

The plan of operations which led to the capture of Mcksburg 
was conceived by Gk.\.\t and executed with great celerity and 
splendid success. The small space of thirty-three days wit- 
nessed a notable succe.sSion of brilliant movements, when the 
forces of the enemy within a circuit of 50 miles numbered 60,000 
men; the capture of Port Gibson, the victories of Raymond, of 
Jackson, of Champion Hill, and Black River Bridge, culminating 
in the investment of Vicksburg. whose capitulation later on clo.sed 
the memoraljle campaign and covered with glory the .sagacious 
chieftain whose martial genius achieved the splendid triumph. 

After the fatal battle of Chickamatiga the Confederate autliori- 
ties, notably Jefferson Davis, who had visited the seat of war 
early in October, expected the surrender of our army in a few 
days. But on the 24th of October General Gkaxt arrived. 
An offensive movement was at once inaugurated and the battle 
of Missionary Ridge fought and won, with a trophy of 6,000 



■JO Address of Mr. Brosius on the 

Confederate prisoners, 40 pieces of artillery, and 7,000 stand of 
arms. The Army of the Cumberland was saved, the siege of 
Chattanooga was raised, and Chickamauga avenged. 

GR-A.XT then succeeded to the command of all the armies of 
the Union, numbering a million men, a larger army it is believed 
than was ever before commanded by one man. The field of its 
operations was connnensurate with its number — from the Mi.s- 
.sissippi River to the Atlantic, thence south to the Gulf of 
Mexico, and west to Texas, one army cutting the Confederacy 
in two and another laying .siege to its capital city, all by 
the direction of this matchless warrior without as much as a 
council of war. Such con.summate strategy, such masterful 
leadership could lead to but one result. Richmond fell, Lee's 
army surrendered, and the Union was saved. 

The.se stupendous achievements and surpa.ssingly splendid 
strategic movements which led to the glory of Appomattox 
all furnish to the curicjus in such matters the most striking 
and convincing exhibitions of an exceptionally high order of 
martial genius. 

What place will ultimately be a.s.signed General Gr.\nt in 
the military constellation of history the judgment of the 
future mu.st determine. For his contemporaries to place him 
in the company of Alexander, Cse.sar, and Napoleon is fulsome 
adulation in which I have no di.sposition to indulge. To ele- 
vate any modern hero to a share in the glories of the battle- 
field with. these phenomenal characters would be as unsuital)le, 
Dr. Lord would say, as to divide the laurels of Homer, Dante, 
and Shakespeare with the poets of recent times. 

Excluding the.se, however, from the comparison, the well- 
guarded judgment of dispas.sionate men will not rank our 
illustrious leader below the most successful and conspicuous 
masters of the art of war the world has ever .seen. His fame 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 7 r 

can li)Sf none of its luster by conijxirison with Wellington, 
Marlboroii.ijh, Oustavus Adolphns, Frederick the Great, Mau- 
rice of Nassau, or Henr\- of Xa\-arre. A just analysis of the 
aptitudes of these men for war will show more points in which 
Grant excels than falls below them, and there can be no 
doubt that when histor\ shall make its final assiijnment of 
rank he will stand either in their company or al)Ove them. 

As a civil administrator he will hold eminent rank among 
the wisest and best; but the fame (jf the statesman will ever 
l)e eclipsed by the glory of the soldier. His ei.ght years of 
Administration were vexed and harassed i)y problems of 
greater difficulty and magnitude than had ever before been 
encountered by any Government in times of peace. The 
reconstruction of the vSouthern States presented questions with 
which no statesman had ever grappled. When he became 
President the situation of the United States was engaging the 
attention of the ci\-ilized world. Seven only of the eleven 
States lately in rebellion had been readmitted to the Union. 

The previou.s Administration had been enfeebled and embit- 
tered by an unseemly controvers\- between the executive and 
legi.slative Ijranches of the Government. The progress of 
recon.st ruction had been retarded, bu.siness interests were lan- 
gui.shing, and the public credit was impaired. Foreign compli- 
cations with Spain and Great Britain also confronted us, so that 
it may be said that Gk.\nt encountered at the beginning of his 
Admini.stration difficulties of a very grave and threatening char- 
acter. The power of generalizing and foreca.sting is one of the 
first qualities of statesman.ship. Gr.\nt possessed this power. 

In his first inaugural he outlined with great clearness the 
questions that would come up for settlement during his Admin- 
istration and implored his countrymen to deal with them without 
prejudice, hate, or sectional pride. On the financial question 



72 Address of Mr. Brosius on the 

he had a clear judgment and a fixed purpose. He insisted 
that national honor required every dollar of Go\'ernnient indebt- 
edness to be paid in gold unless otherwise stipulated in the 
contract. "Let it l)e understood," .said he, "that no repudi- 
ator of one farthing of our public debt will be trusted in public 
place." This was a prophecy. It became a triumph. He 
adhered steadfastly to the polic>- he had ainiounced, and at 
the clo.se of his Administration one-fifth part of the public debt 
had been paid and the public credit reestablished. 

His foreign policy was equalh- wise and statesmanlike. ' ' I 
would deal with n.itions," said he, "as equitable law requires 
individuals to deal with each other." He served notice on 
ambassadors, kings, and emperors in these words: 

If others depart from this rule in their dealings with us, we may be com- 
pelled to follow their preeeileiit. 

At the clo.se of his Administration there were no international 
questions unadjusted. 

On the vexed question of suffrage he was wise and farseeing. 
In his inaugural he emphasized the urgenc)- with which the 
ratification of the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution 
appealed to the best judgment of the nation as the only just 
and practicable settlement of the question of suffrage. He had 
an invincible conviction that the amendment embodied the fun- 
damental idea of republican govennnent and American lilierty. 

The experiment of jropular government had not been com- 
pleted before the war, but now every citizen was a member of 
the ruling as well as the subject cla.ss. The transition from 
the old regime to the new was sudden and great. With the 
overthrow of the Confederacy went the downfall of slavery and 
the extreme doctrine of State rights. With the triumph of 
the Union came the political equality of men in the States 
and of States in the Union. There was now a true national 



Acceptance of Ihi- Statue of General ( Yisses S. Grant. 73 

so\-ereignty and a true national citizenship. Every man was 
a sovereign, whether qnahfied for iiis kingdom or not. The 
nation welcomed the new ideas, and went promptly to work to 
create new institutions suited to them. 

Concerning the principles which were to fashion the new 
fabric Gk.\nt had well-defined convictions and statesmanlike 
views. The ])n)I)lenis to he solved were intricate and diffi- 
cult, calculated, man>- of them, to appall the stoutest hearts 
and baffle the wi.sest heads, and yet at all ])oints at which 
the Executive came in contact with the.se perplexing ])rob- 
lenis, which he helped to lift \\\) until they comprehended 
in their .sco])e the eijualitN' of citizenship and the elevation 
of a race, he treated them with a fullness and completeness 
of consideration, breadth of comprehen.sion and rectitude of 
judgment, and dispo.sed of them with such preeminent wis- 
dom as to fairh- establish his title to rank with the more 
eminent of American statesmen. 

In one aspect of his character Grant had probably but 
one rival to .share his laurels in the hi.story of human great- 
ness. He was a consunnnate master of a sublime and impo.s- 
ing silence. And this was a valuable auxiliar>- to the soldier, 
thou.gh it would have disqualified him for the Senate, where, 
it is .said, the first duty of man is to .speak. He accom- 
plished more with less waste of vocal energy than any other 
man .since William the Silent: but when he did speak, his 
utterances were notable, as jioteiit as his silences. His words 
were cannon shots, half battles. They carried consternation 
with them like dazzling bolts from the darkened heavens. 

They were pomlerous, fallinj; on his foes 
As fell the Norse god's hammer lilows. 

Some of his laconic e.xpressions and terse dispatches will 
outlive the most brilliant of Cse.sar's and the most crushinsj 



74 Address of Mr. JUvsitis on the 

of Napoleon's. Men will be fighting' out their battles "on 
this line if it takes all summer:" will be " n loving imme- 
diately upon the enemy's works." and "demanding uncon- 
ditional surrender ' ' to the end of time. 

The -Stars that glittered on General Grant's brow, like 
those that deck the heavens, were not all of the same 
magnitude. They differed in glory and had rank among 
themselves. There is one attribute of his character which 
remo\-es him from the ranks of the illustrious leaders and 
statesmen in who.se compan\- he will in most respects go 
down to posterity and secures him a preeminence enjoyed by 
no other warrior in human history; a point of character at 
which the .soldier and the statesman meet; an excellence 
which adorns the one and qualifies the other — a matchless 
magnanimity. 

From no point of view does the greatness of his character 
shine with more supernal splendor. The ancient Romans dedi- 
cated temples to the highe.st human excellences. Otir great 
soldier-statesman bowed before the tem])le which en.slirined the 
divine attribute of magnanimity. I'ltimus Romanorum was 
written upon the tomb of Cato, and, if among the epitaphs 
which shall perpetuate the glories of General Gk.vxt there 
should be no expres.sion of this transcendent perfection, the 
silent marble would break into .speech to declare to posterity 
that in this phase of his character, at least, he was the nol)le.st 
Roman of them all. 

Appomattox and Gr.\nt are the two liah'es of one of the 
most interesting and impressive situations which hi.story records. 
Thev constitute an historical iniity that can never be severed. 
They are held in the enduring embrace of a happy conjunction 
of place and event which made the former the theater and the 
latter the star performer of one of the grandest dramas in the 



Acceptance of the Statue of Ctcneral I'lyasci S. Grant. 75 

tide of time. That they are so Hiiked in jierpetual association 

in the pubhc mind finds some denotement in the ease with 

wliich vSenator Conkhng took captive a national convention 

witli the crude but clever rhyme: 

And when asked what State he hails from 
Our sole reply shall be: 
"He hails from Appomattox 
And its famous apple tree." 

From A])poinattox he sent on win.i^s of lig^htniiig to the Sec- 
retary of War the message which carried joy to more Iiearts 
than an\- previous one in human hi.stors': 

.\1'RI1, 9, 1S65 — 4.30 ]'. M. 

Honorable K. M. St.\xton: 

(ieneral Lee has surrendered the Army of Northern \"irjjinia this after- 
noon on terms proposed by myself. 

r. S. C,K.\NT, 

Liciilenaiit-(icntial. 

When this magnanimous cliieftain laid his conqtiering sword 

on the capital of the Confederacy, received Lee's .surrender and 

the curtain fell before the tragedy of the rebellion, he said to 

the vanciuished armies: "Lay down your arms and go to your 

homes on your parole of honor, and take yoiu' hor.ses with you 

to cultivate your farms, but come and take dinner with us 

before you go." Were ever before the vanqtiished thus treated 

by the victors? At the fall of Toulon a French warrior wrote: 

"We have only one way of celebrating victory; this evening 

we shoot 213 rebels." How resplendetit l)y contrast appears 

the con((tieror of the rebellion! 

Who in the fear of God didst bear 
The sword of power, a nation's trust ! 
" Let us have peace !" said the soldier 
Who grasped the sword for peace 
And smote to save. 

From the hearts of patriots everywhere attuned to the same 
melody is lifted up the glad refrain; celestial choirs prolong 



y6 Address of Mr. Brosius on the 

the joyful chorus until the spirit of our statesman-warrior 
sends back the swelling antheiu, "Let us have peace." 

As I contemplate the last of earth of this rounded and 
completed character, passing from the sight of men in that 
beautiful park by the river side, a vision bursts upon my 
imagination, and I see the open grave over whose portals rests 
the casket waiting its descent into the darkness of the tomb; 
on either side stand with bowed heads the great chieftains 
who led the opposing armies in our civil war, the conquerors 
and the conquered, paying equal tributes of honor to the savior 
of the Union, and between them I see the great spirit of our 
dead, resplendent in the glory of innnortality, reaching down 
his spirit hands and clasping tho.se of the reconciled warriors, 
and I hear his celestial voice saying: 

Americans, children of a common country, of the same lineage, 
language, history, and destiny— peace, blessed peace, be and abide with 
you evermore ! 

If a firmer and more indissoluble Union, a better understand- 
ing and more cordial relations between the .sections, and a 
permanent and abiding peace, founded upon true respect for 
each other and veneration and affection for our conunon coun- 
try, should be the fruition of his great example; if his sur- 
viving countrymen will but emulate his high character wherein 
it is most worthy, avoiding the faults which saved him from 
perfection, and will rededicate them.selves with his singleness 
of purpose and self-consecration to the maintenance of his lofty 
standard of personal character and exalted patrioti.sm, and 
thus, through the elevation of the citizen, .secure throughout 
the Union he loved and saved the .supremacy of virtue, honor, 
patriotism, and public reason, then the victory of his death 
will outshine the .splendor of the greatest of his life; and as 
was said of the strong man of the olden days, so it may be 



Acceptance of the Statue of (ieneral I '/ysses S. Crant. 77 

said of our mighty and strong, that ' ' The dead which lie slew 
at his death were more than they which he slew in his life." 
And though the affection and veneration of his admiring 
countrymen have commemorated him in costliest marble and 
splendid mausoletun, and elaborate epitaphs have sunmied up 
his virtues and will transmit to ftiture generations the records 
of his imperishable reiiown, the fittest, noblest, most perma- 
uent, and abiding monument to this distinguished citizen, emi- 
nent statesman, and illustrious soldier will be his country's 
peace. 



78 .-Ic/dirss of Mr. Dollivcr on the 



Address of Mr. Dolliver, of Iowa. 

Mr. Speaker, I would very much have preferred to be silent 
on an occasion like this, when the old comrades of General 
Grant and representatives of the Confederate army have been 
paying these tributes to his memory; and I would not consent 
to sa\- a word now except upon the request of the committee in 
charge of the ceremonies, who have been kind enough to sug- 
gest that there is a sense in which I may be said to speak for 
the generation born since 1850, which had not the privilege of 
bearing even a humble part in the national defense. In that 
year Thomas Carlyle, in a pamphlet, fierce and barbarous, 
called the "Present Time," wrote these words, curiou.sly made 
tip of .sympathy and of sneer: 

America's battle is yet to fight; and we sorrowful, though nothing 
doubting, will wish her strength for it; and she will have her own agony 
and her own victory, though on other terms than she is now quite aware 
of. What great liuman soul, what great thought, what great noble thing 
that one could worship or loyally admire has yet been produced there? 

It is not certain that the belated prophet, crying in the wil- 
derness of the Old World, li\-ed long enough to revise this 
opinion of the New; but it is certain that he lived to see 
America find strength to" fight her battle, to liear her agony, 
and to win her victor\- on such terms as were appointed; that 
he lived to see the gra\e of Aliraham Lincoln become a shrine 
for the pilgrimage of the human race, and to hear the name 
of Ulysses S. Grant saluted in all the languages of the earth; 
and had his days been lengthened but a little he would have 
seen the canon of Westminster open the doors of that venerable 
monument to admit the silent American soldier into the house- 
hold of English-spoken fame. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 79 

The- unchallenged jilaceof General Grant in history expresses, 
as far as such thing can be expressed, the value of his service 
to his own nation and to his own age. and to all nations and all 
ages. Without a trace of .selfish ambition in his entire career, 
he was in a high sense, from his youth up, guided by an inward 
monition that he was to play a decisive part in the arena of 
national affairs. At least twice in his life, by his own modest 
statement, he felt within him.self a di.stinct intimation of the 
future — once, on the day he graduated at West Point, and after- 
wards, on the day that \'ick;.sburg fell. 

It may be an idle fancy, btit it is not hard to believe that 
every step he took, from the farm to the Academy, from the 
Academy to the frontier, from the frontier through the Mexi- 
can campaign, and thence to private life, a life of toil and self- 
sui)pression, from which, with a timid and hesitating request 
for a small command, he emerged into the I'nion Army, was 
])art of the preparation, the post-graduate course, for the full 
equipment of thi.s mysterious man. The greatest of his lieu- 
tenants .said: "To nie he is a mystery; and I believe he is 
a mystery to himself." If he had .said to his cla.ssmates, "I 
will one day take Scott's place on review," he would have 
been laughed out of the Army. 

If, after \'ick,sburg, he had announced that he was the one 
general in the Army al)Ie to bring the rebellion to an end, 
he would have gone the way of all the others. Vet both 
these thoughts were in his liead, and we can not regret that 
in the shadow of the end, when in pain and an.gui.sh he was 
writing for po.sterity the story of his public life, he was moved 
to throw this light ujion the inner life he lived within liim- 
self. There are tho.se who impeach the whole social fabric 
because it imposes upon all a strenuous struggle for existence, 
and we have often heard that opportunity alone Jiiakes the 



8o Address of Mr. DoUivcr on the 

difference between failure and success. That is the philosophy 
of a little world; for we know that without burdens there is 
no strength and that in exposed places, open to the storms 
of all skies, the frame of manhood takes upon itself the 
rugged fiber which is the master of opportunity, a victor over 
circumstances, a crowned athlete in the games of furtinie and 
achievement. 

General Gr.a.nT belongs to the new departure, which dates 
from i860. Though a man of mature years, he can scarcely 
be .said to have lived before that time. He did not take 
enough interest in the Army to hold on to his connnission; 
nor in his Missouri farm to make a living out of it; nor in 
the leather store in Galena to go back and lock it up after 
he heard of the fall of Fort Sumter. In a .sen.se he had no 
politics. He voted for Buchanan in 1S56, although he .states 
in his Memoirs that he did it not out of affection for Buch- 
anan, but becau.se he had an old grudge against Fremont. 
His politics were even more ambigucius than .some of the 
heroes of later times. With the inheritance of a Whig, he 
joined a Know-Nothing lodge; and while his sympathies were 
with Douglas, he spent that fall drilling the "Lincoln Wide 
Awakes." It almost looks as if Providence, needing him 
for the new age, kept him clear and free from the confu- 
sion of tongues that preceded it. 

It is well-nigh impo.s.sible, even with the history of our 
country in our hands, to make our way through the political 
wilderness of fifty years ago. The most pathetic thing in 
the development of the nation is the picture of our fathers 
poring for generations over the nnisty volumes of the old 
debates, wearing the F'ederalist and Madi.son Papers to the 
covers, in their vain and hopeless search for the founda- 
tion of the faith. Washington grandly comprehended the 



Acceptance of the Statue of (intcral Ulysses S. Grant. Si 

Constitution he had helped to make; Init that did not keep 
the legislatnre of \'irginia from disowiiiui^ the national au- 
thority while he yet lived in honored retirement at Mount 
Vernon. 

Daniel Webster, supreme among the giants of those days, 
vindicated the national institutions in speeches that have be- 
come classic in the literature of our tongue: yet even our 
schooltwys can not recite them without a sense of humiliation 
that his great antagonists were able to dog the steps of that 
lofty argument with the minutes of the Hartford convention, 
showing Massachusetts on the edge of the jirecipice before 
she had finished buiUling linnker Hill Monument. Andrew- 
Jackson i|uit the game of ])oIitics long enough to swear his 
might\- oath, "By the Internal, the Union must and shall 
be i>reserved:" hut that did not prevent the .Slate of South 
Carolina from organizing her people against the national 
authority while old soldiers of the Revolution still survived 
among them. 

Little by little the nation had shriveled and cliiiunished and 
the important States increased, until, as the older men on this 
floor can remember, the bonds of the United States offered for 
sale were bid for in the money centers of Europe, and especially 
by the bankers of Holland, on condition that they should be 
countersigned by the State of \'irginia. They knew that Vir- 
ginia was on the map Ijefore the United States was, and they 
had a dim sort of .suspicion that they might be able to locate 
the State of Virginia after the United States of America had 
disappeared from the map of tlie world. 

I would not heedlessly <lisparage any State, or any section, 

or any of the statesmen of that period. If thev were called to 

deal with a situation to which they were not equal, it was one 

for which they were not respon.sible. James Buchanan was in 

S. Doc. 451 6 



82 Address of Mr. Dollivcr on the 

no sense an ordinan- man. He was all his lifetime a leader of 
men, though he was left at the end of his generation impo- 
tently trying to answer elemental and volcanic questions with 
the dead phrases of an obsolete vocabularj-. 

The conclusion had come. The time for rewriting the char- 
ter was at hand. The joint debate of lawyers, long a nuisance 
among men, liad at last become an oifense to heaven. The 
darkness upon the path of the Republic had grown too dense to 
walk in. Yet the truth was never altogether without witnesses; 
there were always some eyes that could see and some ears that 
could hear. But the mobs that threatened William Lloyd 
Garrison in the .streets of Boston, that drove John Greenleaf 
Whittier out of New England villages — what did they care 
for the testimony of John Quincy Adams, still eloquent in the 
grave? And the champions of freedom, worn-out by their long 
vigil in the night of .slavery, frantically denouncing the Consti- 
tution as "a covenant with hell" — what had they learned of 
that great son of New England, who, in the debate with 
Hayne, had filled the old Senate Chamber, where the vSupreme 
Court now sits, with the splendor of his unrivaled genius? 

A new era was at hand, and the events became dramatic, 
with the swiftest changes in the scenery: for within two years 
from the day the militia of Virginia paraded about the scaffold 
of John Brown the soul of that poor, old, immortal madman 
was marching before the mightiest armed host the world 
ever saw, upon whose banners had been written the sublime 
promises of public liberty. 

That was our heroic age, and out of it came forth our ideal 
heroe.s — Lincoln, and the trusted coun.selors who .sat by his 
side ; Grant, and the generals who obeyed his orders ; and 
behind them both and back of all, the countless ranks of the 
Grand Army of the Republic, ready and eager for that strange 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Giant. 83 

sacrifice of blood by which our weary and heavy-laden century 
has been redeemed. 

It w(juld not be possible, even if it were appropriate at this 
hour, to speak at length of General Grant's relation to those 
torn and bleeding years. Memory is still rich with the 
thoughts and emotions of tliat epoch, while for the youth of 
the nation the story of that rising reputation is handed down 
in pages more fa.scinating than the legends of chivalry. 

He came nito the Union Army without a friend ; he left it 
above all rank. His brave but undistinguished service in 
Mexico had been forgotten, so that when he presented him- 
self for duty they did not even answer his letters. He earned 
ever\- promotion that he ever had, and asked for recognition 
only in the language of what he did. The woods around the 
old church at Shiloh showed the field .soldier at his best. 

At the end of the first day, when his army. 30,000 strong, 
was in confusion, General Beauregard felt warranted in an- 
nouncing to the Davis government a complete victory. Before 
another nightfall Beauregard had obtained ideas on the subject 
of victory of a mo.st in.strnctive kind. He had learned that 
he was dealing with a man who had the art of crowding two 
battles into one; the fixed habit of making no report until 
the thing was over. When General Buell, miles in advance 
of his troops, came upon the field and found scattered thou- 
sands of Grant's army huddled under the cover of the river 
bank, he said "What preparations have been made for the 
retreat? " "I have not despaired of whipping them yet," said 
General Gr.vnt. " But if you should be compelled to fall back 
3'ou have transports for only 10,000 men." "If I retreat," 
said the grim soldier, " 10,000 men is all I shall need transports 
for." 

A recent writer in a leading French review, commenting 



84 Address of Mr. DcUiver on the 

upon General Horace Porter's Memoirs, takes occasion to deny 
to General Grant any place in the society of the world's 
great captains, and with a complaisance that amonnts almost 
to jocose satire, in view of what has lately happened in this 
world, refuses even to our civil war a place among the great 
conflicts of history, stating that it was more akin to the rude 
combats of antiquity than to modern European warfare. But 
"such a criticism of military skill," if you will allow me to 
use the words of James G. Blaine, "is idle chatter in the face 
of an unbroken career of victory. When he was appointed 
Lieutenant-General and placed in conunand of all the armies 
of the Union, he exercised military control over a greater num- 
ber of men than any general .since the invention of firearms. 
In the campaigns of 1S64 and 1865 the armies of the Union 
contained in the aggregate not less than a million men. The 
movements of all these vast forces were kept in harmony by 
his comprehensive mind, and in the grand consummation which 
insured Union and liberty his name became inseparably asso- 
ciated with the true glory of his country . ' ' 

I have heard the names of Napoleon and of Cassar and of 
Alexander referred to on this floor to-day. I care nothing 
about Alexander or Csesar or Napoleon. So far as I can make 
out, not one of them is entitled to the respect of civilized men : 
not one of them represented an idea that was worth fighting 
for, nurch less worth dying for. The duke of Weimar used to 
tell his friends when they talked to him of Napoleon to "be 
of good courage, this Napoleoaism is unjust, a falsehood, and 
can not last." It did not last; and to-day there is hardly a 
trace of the little Corsican adventurer iu Europe except his 
grave. 

There can be no great soldier without a great cause ; and no 
cause is great that is not right. It was the sublime fortune of 



Amplancc of tlie Stafnr of Ccnoal I lyssrs S. Grant. 85 

Ulysses S. Grant to rise to the chief command of an army 
whose line of march was upon the highway of human progress, 
which carried with its nniskels the future of civihzation and 
in its lieart tlie inviolable will of God. 

The French military critic, to whose grotesque comment 
on General Grant as a soldier I have before alluded, discerns 
in him at least one thing for grudging eulogy. He says that 
"he was a good citizen." Withcjut intending it and without 
being so constituted as ever to know it, he has touched the 
secret of this unique career, l)Oth in the field and in the cap- 
ital — the secret of all real service of mankind — the thing 
that is making kings ridiculous and thrones unnecessary; the 
thing which has abolished the aristocracy of the .sword and 
made that awkward and absurd weapon no longer the master, 
but the obedient .servant of the State. 

The feature of our civil war least comprehended by foreign 
critics, and only partially comprehended by ourselves, was the 
fact that as soon as a conflict was over, all sides were willing 
to put an end to strife and to take up the broken relations of 
civil life in harmony and .good will. From a human standpoint 
the advice of General Scott to Mr. Seward, to " Let the err- 
ing sisters go in peace," contained a measure of wisdom; for 
it must ha\-e made men sick at heart to think of civil war with 
its awful ministry of blood and its legacy still more terrible 
of feud and passion and sullen malice left over to plague the 
nation long after the victory of arms was won. 

A mere statesman in the place of Lincoln and a mere .soldier 
in the place of Grant might, indeed, have maintained the 
Government at Washington and overthrown the rebellion in 
the field. But the world was entitled to a larger outcome of 
these four tempestuous \ears— the new birth of freedom, the 
new national unitv, the new outlook of the Republic in the 



86 Address of Mr. DolUvcr on the 

midst of the ages. There were voices heard that lifted the 
civil war above all bloodshed of history; one at the beginning, 
saying, with tender eloquence, "We are not enemies, but 
friends;" the other at the end, in words that transfigured the 
face of Victory with a divine illumination, saying, "Let us 
have peace!" 

Is it any wonder that within a single generation every evil 
passion of the strife is dead, every bitter memory of the past 
forgotten? Is it any wonder that the boys who cheered the 
defenders of Vicksburg as they stacked their arms, who di- 
vided their rations with the Army of Northern Virginia, while 
Grant and Lee sat down to talk together as countrymen 
and friends, have done their part with the boys in gray, to 
bring in the new era of American patriotism? 

We have often heard the details of the war discussed, and I 
read not very long ago a book devoted to the subject, ' ' Why the 
Confederacy failed." There have been endless disputes as to 
which army was victorious in this engagement or in that, and I 
have heard it said on this floor thai the Confederate army was 
never really whipped; that it simply wore itself out whipping 
General Grant. But here is a victory in whicli both armies 
have a share; that rich and splendid conquest of the hearts of 
men ; nobler and worthier in the sight of heaven than captured 
trophies or the spoils of war! 

It was once a fashion in some quarters to exaggerate the rep- 
utation of General Grant as a .soldier as a sort of background 
on which to draw a mean picture of his figure in civil life. I 
have no sympathy with any such opinion. It is not credible 
that God endowed a man with'the faculties required to order the 
.steps of a million men in arms and at the same time left his 
eyes holden tliat he should not see the needs of his age and the 
destinv of his country, \\niat man of his time had a clearer 



Acceptance of Ihe Statue of (iciural Ulysses S. Grant. Sy 

appreciation of the value of the public credit or did as much as 
he to establish the disordered finances of the civil war upon a 
>afe foundation ? 

When he took the oath of office in 1869 he found the coun- 
try filled with clamor about the payment of the public debt, 
some demanding its settlement in depreciated notes; others 
calling for new issues of paper promises, the cheap and easy 
product of the engraver's art, with which to wi^x; out the bonds 
which had been issued for the conmion defense. Into that 
noisy controversy came this calm and immovable man and from 
the east portico of the Capitol uttered words that have become 
part of the national character: "Let it be understood that no 
repudiator of one farthing of the national debt will be trusted 
in anv public place." And from that hour the national credit 
of America, without limit and without terms, has been as good 
as gold in all the markets of the earth. 

I count it also as a part of General Gr.\nt's place in history 
that he gave the sanction of his office to the most benignant 
treaty ever drawn between two nations, the treaty by which a 
deep-seated international difference was submitted to a high 
tribunal instead of being made a cau.se of war between two 
kindred peoples, which tnight to stand side by side for the 
freedom of the world. Thus the man of war becomes the 
advocate of the world's peace, and turning to his own coun- 
trymen, in his second appearance to take the oath as President, 
he makes a confession of his faith in the future of our race so 
serene and devcait that it reflects the in.spired visions of old, and 
gives reality to the rapt aspirations of the poets and prophets of 
all centuries. 

In his last annual mes.sage General Grant laments the fact 
that he was "called to the office of Chief Executive without 
any previous political training." He was too busy in the years 



88 Address of Mr. DoUivcr on the 

tliat intervened between his auction of stock and farm machin- 
ery on the httle Missotiri homestead and his entrance into the 
White House to study pohtics eitlier as a science or an art. 
But there was one thing which he brought with him into civil 
hfe more important than anj-thing else, and that was a firm 
confidence in the American people and a settled faith that in 
all great emergencies they may be trusted to sacredly guard 
their own interests and the public welfare. 

It was that steady confidence which enabled him, when the 
Santo Domingo treaty was rejected by the Senate, in a storm 
of vituperation from which even liis own high office did not 
e.scape, to appeal to the people of the United States, and in the 
language of his special mes.-5age seek a decision from "that 
tribunal whose convictions so seldom err and against whose 
will I have no policy to enforce. 

Because he believed in his countr>nien he had faith in his 
country, and he expressed his belief that the civilized world 
was tending toward government by the people through their 
chosen representatives. "I do not share," said he, in his 
second inaugural, "in the apprehension held by many as to 
the danger of governments being weakened or de.stroyed by 
reason of the extension of their territory. Commerce, educa- 
tion, rapid transit of thought and matter by telegraph have 
changed all this." It is not possible to think of him in the 
midst of such problems as now beset our aiTairs, deliberately 
adding to the national burden by defaming his country in 
order to exalt the motives of a mob of swift-footed barbari- 
ans in the Phihppine Islands. 

At least once in his Administration, at a cri.sis in the Cuban 
.situation, he ordered the Xavy to prepare for action, and if the 
brief conflict with Spain, which the present Go\'ernment was 
not able to avoid, had come in his time, it would simply have 



Acceptance of the Statue of dencral f '/ysscs S. Grant. 89 

anticipated the grave eveuts of the i)ast year; leaving us twenty 
years ago, with vastly less preparation, exactly where we are 
to-day. In that case who can imagine General Grant direct- 
ing the Navy to throw its victories into tlie sea, or ordering 
our brave little armies of occupation to run headlong for their 
transports, leaving life and property and the social order in the 
keeping of half-naked tribes? 

It does not require a very difficult feat of the imagination to 
hear the voice of the old commander, the voice of the battle- 
fields upon which the American flag has been sanctified to the 
service of civilization, bidding his countrymen go fonvard in 
the fear of God, hopeful and courageous under the burdens of 
their day and generation. His comrades have presented to 
this Capitol his statue, a beautiful thing in itself, a thing, I 
believe unheard of in the military traditions of any country 
except our own. It .stands yonder in the Rotunda among our 
historic treasures. It will preserve his features and the 
in.scription of his name until tlie heavens be no more. When 
the nation of America shall build in this capital, as it one day 
will, a monument to General Gr.vnt, it need not show forth 
the image of his person, it need not contain the record of his 
fame, for like the column of Waterloo proposed for Wellington 
in the graphic and noble conception of Victor Hugo's fiction, 
it shall not bear aloft the figure of a man; it shall be the memo- 
rial of a nation, the statue of a people. 



go Accepfance of tlu Statue of (Itneral Ulysses S. Grant. 

The Speaker. The question is on agreeing to the reso- 
hitions. 

The resokitions were uuanimoush- agreed to. 

Mr. McCleary. Mr. Speaker, there are probably other mem- 
bers of the House who would like to laj- their laurels upon the 
brow of the great commander. I therefore ask that leave to 
print be extended to all who desire to avail themselves of it for 
ten days. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from Minnesota asks unani- 
mous consent that all who desire may print remarks on the 
life and character of General Gr.\xt for ten days. Is there 
objection? 

There was no objection. 

Mr. McCleary. Mr. Speaker, as a further mark of respect 
to the memory of General Grant, to his family, and to the 
Grand Army of the Republic, I move that the House do now 
adjourn. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from Minnesota moves that, 
as a further mark of respect to the memory of General Graxt, 
to his family, and to the Grand Army of the Republic, this 
House do now adjourn. 

The motion was agreed to. 

Accordingly (at 2 o'clock and 55 minutes p. ni.j the House 
adjourned. 





4r 



^TATL E or GENERAL ILVSSES S. GRAM 



PROCEEDINCS IN Till; SKXATE. 



SATUF^DAY. APRIL 28. 1900. 

Mr. Wktmoke. from the Committee on the Library, reported 

the following resolution, which was considered by unanimous 

consent and agreed to: 

AVio/rci/, That the exercises appropriate to tlie reception and accept- 
ance from the Grand Army of the Republic of the statue of General 
UI.VSSES S. Gr.axT, to be erected in the Capitol, be made the .special 
order for Saturday, May 19, at 4 o'clock ]>. ni. 



MONDAY. MAY 14. ISOO, 

Mr. Spooxer. Mr. President, the Senate, by an order hitli- 
erto made, set apart May 19, at 4 o'clock iu the afternoon, for 
exercises appropriate to the reception and acceptance from the 
Grand Army of the Republic of a statue of General Ulysses 
S. Gk.vnt, to be erected in the Capitol. 1 am instructed, with 
reference to that subject, by the Committee on Rules to ask 
unanimous consent of the Senate that during those exercises, 
beginning at 4 o'clock, there may be reserved for the exclusive 
use of the members of the Grand Army of the Republic the 
galleries known as the west reserved gallery and the gentle- 
men's south gallery of the Senate. 

Mr. Hale. At what time? 

Mr. Spooxer. On Saturday, May 19, at 4 o'clock in the 

afternoon. 

91 



92 Proceedings in the Senate. 

The President pm tempore. Tlie vSenator from Wisconsin, 
for the Committee on Rules, asks unanimous consent that the 
western reserved gallery and the gentlemen's south gallery be 
reserved for the members of the Grand Army of the Republic 
on Saturday afternoon next at 4 o'clock. Is there objection ? 
The Chair hears none : and it is so ordered. 



TUESDAY. MAY IS. 1900. 

Mr. Hansbrough, from the Committee on the Library, 

reported the followina;' resolution, which was considered h\ 

unanimous consent and agreed to: 

Rcsolfed. That duriiiij tlie exerci.ses of the igth instant, incident to the 
reception and acceptance of the statue of General Ulysses S. Grant, the 
connnittee of the Grand .^rmy of the Republic on the Grant memorial, 
the present commander in chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, the 
senior vice-commander in chief, the junior vice- commander in chief, the 
surgeon-general, the chaplain in chief, the adjutant-general, the quarter- 
master-general, the inspector-general, the judge-advocate-general, and 
the senic aid-de-camp an<l chief of staff of the Grand Army of the 
Republic be admitted to the floor of the Senate. 



SATURDAY. MAY 19. 1900. 

The President pro tempore. The Chair lays before the 
Senate a communication, which will be read. 
The vSecretary read as follows: 

He.\dou.\rters Gr.\xd Armv of the Republic, 

COMJIITTKE ON GR.\NT MEMORL^L, 

Was/iiiigloii, D.C.May ii),i<)oo. 

Sir; In accordance with the "Joint resolution to accept from the 
national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic a statue ( and 
pedestal) of the late General Uly.sses S. Gr.ant," approved August 14, 
1890, the committee of the Grand Army appointed to that end have caused 
such statue to be executed, and the same is now placed in the Rotunda 
of the Capitol. 

The statue is an original work modeled by INIr. Franklin Siinnioiis, an 
American artist having his studio in Rome. 

A brief recital of the origin and purpose ot this memorial work .seems 
proper. 

General Gr.\NT. as were others of the leaders of the Tuion armies. 



Acceptance of the Statue of uoieial L'lysses S. Grant. 93 

including Generals Sherman and Sheridan, was a comrade of the Gran<l 
Army of the Republic, having been nmstered into Meade Post, No. i, 
Department of Pennsylvania, on the 16th day of May, 1S77. He wore its 
badge on proper occasion, sympathized with its objects, and fraternally 
mingled with its meinber.ship. 

It w'.'is natural, therefore, u])()n his decease at Blount McGregor, New 
York, on the 23d day of July, i<S!S5, that his comrades of the Grand Army, 
whilst mingling their grief with that of all of his countrymen, should desire 
in some special manner to signalize their personal regard for and devotion 
to their comrade and their deep appreciation of the inestimable services he 
had rendered to his country and to his age. Accordingly, on the 24th of 
September, 1SS5, the then connnander in chief of the Grand Army of the 
Republic addressed a circular to the posts and departments of the order, 
suggesting the creation of a fund by voluntary contribution, no more than 
15 cents to be received from any contributing comrade, for, as stated in the 
circular, "the erection of a monument which, avoiding all exaggeration 
or mere motive of display, shall be in keeping with the simplicity of the 
life and character of our great leader; of such intrinsic excellence as .shall 
commend it to the care of the nation, and thus, through all succee<ling 
generations, be our memorial as w-ell as a monument to his fame." 

At the succeeding national encampment the project was laid before it, 
met with hearty commendation, and steps were taken to facilitate its 
accomi)lishnient. 

By directions of succeeding national encampments the work was con- 
tinued until the finished result was brought within the shelter of the 
Capitol, and is now presented for acceptance. 

The fund contributed for the announced ])ur])ose represents the offer- 
ings of more than 70, »» of his cot:irades, most of whom had served in tiie 
field under his command, and all of whom had hailed him as a comrade 
in the later day of peace. 

In their behalf we who now survive commit this semblance of his per- 
son to the care and keeping t)f the nation whose walls he helped to make 
stronger, rejoicing in the knowledge that the memories it will invoke are 
of good will to-day, and will be of concord through all coming time. 
Yerv respectfullv, 

S.\MUEL S. BrRDETT, 

CliainiHin. 
RoBT. B. Beath. 

Seci-tia)y. 
Selden Connor, 
Edmund S. Grant, 
R. A. Alger, 
Horace S. Clark. 

Coniniittee. 
Hon. William P. Frve, 

President of the Semite. 



94 Proceedings in the Senate. 

Mr. Hansbrough. Mr. President, I offer the coucurrent 
resolution which I send to the desk. 

The President pro tempore. The Senator from North 
Dakota offers a coucurrent resolution, which will be read. 

The Secretary read the resolution, as follows; 

Resolved by tlic Senate ( tlie House of Repfesetitatives coneurring ) , That 
the thank,s of Congres.s be sjiven to the Grand .\nny of the Republic for 
the statue of General Ulvsses S. Grant. 

Resot'eed, That the statue be accepted and placed in the Capitol, and 
that a copy of these resolutions, signed by the presiding officers of the 
Senate and the House of Representatives, be forwarded to the chairman of 
the committee of the Grand Army of the Republic on the Grant memorial. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 95 



ADDRESS OF Mr. HAWLEY, OF CONNECTICUT. 

Mr. President, I coiisralulate my comrades of the Grand 
Army upon the .successful progress of their most praiseworthy 
enterprise. The wise purpose is very excellently set forth in 
the paragraph which I nuist do myself tlie credit of empha- 
sizing by repetition. 

It is for the erection of a iiioiniiiK'iil which, avoiding all exaggeration 
or mere motive of display, shall be in keeping with the simplicity of the 
life and character of our great leader; of .such intrinsic excellence as shall 
commend it to the care of the nation, and thus through all succeeding 
generations be our memorial as well as a monument to his fame. 

And ftirther the committee say: 

In their behalf we who now survive connnil this semblance of his per- 
son to the care and keeping of the nation whose walls he helped to make 
stronger, rejoicing in the knowledge that the memories it w'ill invoke are 
of good will to-day, and will be of concord through all coming time. 

Thus say 70.000 veterans, representing lumdreds of other 
thousands. 

This noble gift will be accepted with SN-mjxathy and grati- 
tude. I scarce know how to come to the discussion of the 
character of General Grant, but I will first refer to his 
genealogy, if you will permit me. 

Matthew Grant, of Scotch extraction, came from Dorset 
shire, England, in 1630. one of the first settlers in Dorchester, 
in the Massachttsetts Ba>- Colony. In a few years he removed 
to Windsor, Connecticut, in which he and several generations 
of his descendants resided. Samuel Grant, son of Matthew, 
was born in Dorchester. November 12, 1631. Samuel Grant, 
second, was born in Windsor, Connecticut, April 20, 1659; 
Xoah Grant was born in Windsor, Connecticut, December 16, 



96 Address of Mr. Haiclcy on the 

1692; Noah Grant, second, was l)orn in Tolland, Connecticut, 
Jtily 12, 171S; Noah Grant, third, was born in Coventry, Con- 
necticut, and removed to Pennsylvania in 1790. Jesse Root 
Grant, who lived to see his son President of the United States, 
was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, January 23, 
1794. The elder son of Jesse R. Grant was born at Point 
Pleasant, Clermont County, Ohio, on the 27th of April, 1822, 
and was baptized Hiram Ulysses Graxt, but we knew him 
as Ulysses S. Grant. 

General Grant was not a vain man, nor in the ordinary sense 
of the word an ambitious man. What were his characteristics? 
We think of him first, perhaps, as a silent man, but main' know 
how cheerfully and happily he could talk in a circle of men and 
women who knew each other and knew the subjects about which 
talk was not de.sired. To idle observations and questions or 
semiinterrogative suggestions or inappropriate approaches, he 
opposed no disctis.sion , but a deadly, immobile silence, and noth- 
ing on earth could have more completely quenched the designs 
of interfering and meddling men. 

He was reproved for withholding militarj- intelligence from 
the people of the United .States, but those who have studied the 
art of war know perfectly well that a large measure of reticence 
on the part of a commanding general is imperatively demanded. 
It is a duty. To conduct him.self otherwise would be a wrong 
to his soldiers and his country. 

General Grant was brave. Yes. He never made any dis- 
play of it. He was unconsciously brave; perfectly calm; always 
steady. As to his decisions and purpo.ses, he was dominated 
persistently by a .sen.se of duty to God and his country. A sin- 
gular fact is that his yea was yea and his nay was nay, more 
eniphaticalh- than I could saj^ of any man I ever knew. I am 
told b}' officers who lived with him for years that he was never 



Aicfptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 97 

known to use any words ot profanity, even the simple phrases 

" By George" or "By Jove," or anything of that sort. When 

he said a thing he said it. He s;iid it witliont even emphasis. 

At Apjwmattox yon well know what he said to show that he 

was not animated by any wicked or revengeful pur])ose. He 

said : 

Kacli officer aii<l man will l>e allowed to return home, not to be <iis- 
turV)eil by fnited States authorities so lonj{ as they observe their jiarole.s 
and the laws of tlie places where they reside. 

This was not the ha.sty impulse of a moment. It was the 
result of deliberate forethought, as we are assured by the sec- 
retary who stood nearest to him. It sent a welcome sense of 
relief throughout the South. 

And here let me quote .something that I am afraid is 
almost forgotten, if it has ever been published otherwise than 
in the book I hold. ,Some eleven days after the a.s.sassina- 
tion of Mr. Lincoln and a few days after the .surrender at 
Appomattox, General Gk.v.nt went to Raleigh, as we remem- 
ber very well, in order to perfect the surrender and the 
practical close of the war. He wrote a letter to his wife, 
which that very noble lady presented to Mr. Secretary 
Badeau. He says in this private letter: 

* * * Xhe suffering that must exist in the South the next year, even 
with the war ending now, will be beyond conception. People who talk of 
further retaliation and punishment, except of the political leaders, either 
do not conceive of the suffering endured already, or they are heartless and 
unfeeling and wi.sh to stay at home out of danger while the punishment is 
being inflicted. 

Love and kisses for you ami the children. 

This is an inside view of the man, as warm hearted as 
any I ever knew, a most devoted husband, a loving father, au 
obedient .son, by no means the butcher that some people called 
him; by no means the rough and uncultured man, for he had 
the fineness in all things that makes a perfect gentleman. 
S. Doc. 451 7 



98 Address of Mr. Hawley on the 

I had the honor to become somewhat acquainted with him 
after the war. It fell to my fortunate lot to be president of 
the convention that gave him his first nomination for the 
Presidenc)'. In accordance with usage I came here to Wash- 
ington, where he was residing, at the head of a delegation, to 
go through the formalities of announcing to him his nomina- 
tion. I called on him the evening I arrived to learn when 
he was willing to see us and what the proceedings would be. 
He made me sit down. He looked in a meditative, almost 
absent-minded waj- for a while, and .said: " Hawley, I did not 
want this. I would have escaped it if I could. Think of it. 
I am at the very height of any man's military ambition in 
my chosen profession — at the very height! The people of the 
country in general speak kindly of me. I can pa.ss, I think, 
an honored old age here in the great office which I now 
hold. As President, I should certainly become liable to unkind, 
perhaps bitterly unjust, criticism. I would be satisfied to live 
a private life, but I do not see how I can a\'oid the accept- 
ance of this nomination." 

I believe he spoke sincerely. I am proud of another recol- 
lection. In writing to me the letter of acceptance he put in 
those famous words "Let us have peace," and no man who 
has followed his history during those few years with any 
closeness whatever doubts that it was emphatically his desire 
to let us have peace. 

Mr. President, I am unfit to-day to di.scu.ss General Grant's 
character as I .should like to do. I should like to put upon 
his monument these happy words, devised for some unknown 
hero in England: 

Patient of toil, serene amid alartn.s, 
Inflexible in faith, invincible in arms. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 99 



Address of Mr. Harris, of Kansas. 

Mr. President, to be jieniiilted to say a few words in coni- 
meuioration of tlie virtues of the great hero for whom this 
statue is erected is a high honor, and I do so with a full heart 
and with the utmost .sincerity of purpose and thought. 

Mr. President, here and there in the centuries of a nation's 
life, now and then in the long course of a nation's history, are 
.seen, few and far apart, great figures that are the landmarks of 
the ages. Brought out by the storm and stress of appalling 
disaster and national need, they are at once the succor and the 
refuge of the people. In them are seen the composite results of 
the whole nation's life and character. As by the fixed stars we 
measure the flight of a world through space, so by these great 
and isolated characters we measure the march of humanity. 
By them we may estimate and measure the potent influences of 
heredity and environment, as these all-powerful factors do their 
work in molding and forming, upbuilding or destroying a nation. 
These influences, acting upon the particles, slight and insignifi- 
cant individually, that make up the mysterious ocean of human- 
ity, determine the character and tendencies of a nation's life. 

The man whom we honor and re\-erence to-day was above all 
an American. He was typical of all that goes to make this 
nation great. He was the product of a life wholly American. 
His ancestors were sturdy men and women who had gone on 
their way of plain living and high thinking, "far from the 
madding crowd, ' ' unattracted by tinsel, unawed by pomp. Duty 
to themselves, to those around them, and to their country was 
the fixed and unswerving star by which they set their course. 



loo Address of J/r. Harris on the 

Their euviroumeut was such as to slowly deepeu aud intensify 
this steadiness, this faith, this devotion. 

Let us thank God that in this land of ours there are thousands 
of such plain, simple homes, thousands and thousands of 
mothers and fathers, calm and self-contained, who are living 
the same lives and teaching the same lessons to thousands and 
thousands of boys whose enviroimient is the same as was that of 
the boy Grai;T. On this we may rely with more confidence 
for the future than on all the ' ' boast of heraldry " or " pomp of 
power" or "all that wealth e'er gave." 

To ride, to shoot, to tell the truth, was the wisdom of the 
great Persian, and it has not been bettered in twenty-five cen- 
turies, if you would rear men. It means simphcity, self-control, 
courage, and honesty in thought and action. To these add 
gentleness, modesty, candor, and manly purity, and behold the 
man. It could not but be, then, that he was superior to every 
circuHLStance. At the head of a matchless army, in the midst 
<jf the mad rush and whirl and roar of battle, in the .supreme 
hour of victory, hearing the tramp and shouts of his victorious 
legions in that grand triumphal review, as President of the 
great Republic, as the honored gue.st of flattering sovereigns, it 
was always the quiet, self-contained man; always the strong 
soul which calmly rested upon itself, whose virtue and courage 
was uniform and fixed, because it looked for approbation only 
from Him who is the same yesterday, to-day, and forever. 

I pass over the glorious period, Mr. President, when all the 
world was at his feet, when there seemed no honor too high for 
him, a period which could only be described by an Iliad, to a 
still more heroic and deeply interesting period of his life. When 
the dark days came, betrayed by false friends, di.stressed and 
tortured by incurable disea.se, grieved by thoughts of the future 
for those he loved, this sublime soul lost none of its steady 



Acceplayire of the Staltie of. General Ulysses S. Grant. loi 

radiance and shone on tlirouj^h the clondN, as through all the 

tremendous contrasts of his hfe, the same. 

Constant as tlie northern star, 
Of whose true-fix'd and resting (juality 
There is no fellow in the firmament. 

Great as he was in the day of his meridian splendor, it was 
in the last sad years of his life that men .saw the true stature of 
his soul, the true depth of his heart. Afiother has .said of him 
that- 
Suffering almost cea.seless pain anil with the ileath shadow upon him, 
he sat down to write his last autol)if)j<raphy for the benefit of liis wife. 
He complained not at all, and allowed nothing to stand in the way of his 
work. He wrote on steadily up to the very day of his death, long after 
the power of speech was gone, revising his proofs, correcting his judg- 
ments of commanders as new evidence arose, and in the end producing a 
book which was a marvel of simple sincerity an<i modesty of statement 
and of a transparent clarity of style. It took rank at once as one of 
the great martial biographies of the world. It redeemed his name and 
gave his wife a competency. It was a greater deed than the taking of 
Vicksburg. 

In those long hotirs, laborious days, and sleepless nights his 
thoughts went out from the loiielj' summit of Mount McGregor 
to the divided nation. His soul brooded over the problem, and 
with tlie Angel of Death waiting at his side his words of peace 
and gentleness and reconciliation were those of a man standing 
in the presence of his God. He had Ijroken and destro>'ed all 
armed opposition to the Union, and now he .sought to reunite 
and compact forever into patriotic brotherhood those who had 
followed and those who had opposed him. Hardly had the 
roar of the last gun at Appomattox died away among the 
Virginia hills when it was seen that this was the second great 
purpose of his soul. He thought of the poverty and helpless- 
ness of the gaunt and ragged heroes who had fought to the 
last, and he sought to relie\e their hard condition; and from 
the bitterness of those who knew war only afar off he protected 






I02 Address of Mr. Harris on the 

them when their only shield was his word, and they found it 
sufficient. 

So begun , the glorious work was completed from Mount Mc- 
Gregor, and when men read his last words, " I feel that we are 
on the eve of a new era, when there is to be great harmony 
between the Federal and the Confederate. I can not stay to be 
a living witness to the correctne.ss of this prophecy, but I feel 
it within me that it is to be so. The universally kind feeling 
expressed for me at a time when it was supposed that each day 
.'would prove my last seemed to me the beginning of the answer 
I to ' Let us have peace,' " all hearts were touched and softened. 
Like a prayer, like a prophecy, like a benediction, those words 
came from lips touched b\- the hand of God. 

In the years to come young and ardent spirits looking upon 
this statue will stand in awe of the arms of the great military 
hero, j'et the thoughtful man, the lover of his country, will see 
and revere the greater and more noble patriot who abhorred 
war, who loved peace, and with his dying words reunited the 
hearts of his countrymen, and gave them an immortal and per- 
petual inspiration of fraternal love and patriotism. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 103 



ADDRESS OF MR. TURLEY, OF TENNESSEE. 

Mr. President, in one respect it ha.s alway.s seemed to me 
that the historians and biographers have been unkind to Wash- 
ington. They have portrayed him to us as one apart from us, 
as one created in a diflerent mold, as an exalted being, free 
from those weaknesses and frailties which characterize the ordi- 
nary man. I know now that this is not the truth. But the 
imjtressions which were instilled into my youthful mind can 
not be eradicated, and I shall ever regard Washington as a 
man different from all other men, and the sentiments his mem- 
ory in.spire are those of reverence and adoration rather than of 
love and affection. 

Not so with Gk.\.nt, Mr. President. 1 can only give my own 
impres.sions of him, and I do not intend to institute any com- 
parison between him and Washington. To me he has always 
seemed one of u.s — a man among men, with all a man's faults, 
but with more than one man's share of virtures. It may be 
because he is nearer to u.s — a part of our own time. Washing- 
ton has always embodied to me the idea of jn.stice and right. 
In Grant I have always felt that justice was largely tempered 
with mercy and kindness. In all his dealings with men he 
seemed most considerate of those shortcomings and faults which 
are a part of human nature. 

Mr. President, I have always been impressed with the grand 
simplicity and kindliness of his nature. He was, if I under- 
stand his character, as unostentatious and unassuming as it was 
po.ssible for a self-respecting gentleman to be. And his loy- 
alty to his friends and to those who trusted him was beautiful 
in the extreme. This part of his character may have often led 



I04 Address of Mr. Tinicy on the 

him itito mistakes, l)Ut it is a quality which all must admire. 
Show me the man, Mr. President, who is lo.val to his friends, 
and I will show you a man who is true to the core and is loyal 
and honest in all other relations, both private and public. 

General Grant, if I read his character correctly, was a man 
who almost unconsciously did the right thing at the right time. 
Some men who are really great accomplish their work o\\\y 
after great and labored effort. But he was so con.stituted, .so 
well balanced, that every task was performed with seeming 
ease. In his make-up he might be compared to some exqui- 
sitely constructed engine that runs without noise and does its 
work without friction. His great achievements were accom- 
plished with so little effort he .seemed .scarcely to realize that 
he had done anything out of the ordinary. I am told by those 
who knew him that he believed his work could have been 
done and the result accomplished as readily and successfully 
by many of his .subordinates as by him.self, and .so little vanity 
had he that it was difficult for him to understand how it was 
that he was chosen for the high offices he filled so well. 

I remember, Mr. President, that among.st the rank and file 
of the Confederate soldiers General Gk.vnt occupied a different 
position from most of the other Union commanders. Toward 
some of tho.se commanders we entertained feelings of bitter- 
est personal ho.stilit}-. But I think I can .safely .say no Con- 
federate soldier entertained any such feeling toward General 
Grant. The kindness and .simplicity of his nature, of which 
I have spoken, seemed to have made itself felt even amongst 
his enemies. We felt that there was no hatred in his breast 
nor enmity in his .soul again.st us, and we thought he was 
fighting us because he felt it was the right thing to do under 
the existing circumstances, just as we were fighting because 
we believed we had the right on our side. I do not mean that 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 105 

we then entertained kindly or friendly feelings for him, but we 
esteemed him. nnd there was no bitterness in our hearts for 
him. But for many years past the .sentiments of the ex- 
Confederates and the Southern people toward the memory of 
this trul>- .iireat man have .gradually changed from those of 
comparative indifference to warm affection and esteem. 

I do not wish to be misunderstood, Mr. President. He does 
not occupj- every niche and corner of our hearts. There is in 
the heart of every Confederate soldier, as there will be in the 
hearts of our children and our children's children, an inner 
chamber — a sanctuary of sanctuaries — sacred to the memory 
and name of one man and one man alone, our innnortal Lee. 
You on the other side would think less of us if it were not so. 
We love him because he was the very incarnation of our cause 
and Iiecause he .suffered with us and for us. We love him as no 
other people ever lo\-ed a man before. We love him in sorrow, 
we love him with a love purified by suffering and chastened 
by defeat, with a love which " passeth all understanding" and 
defies all power of expression or description. 

Mr. President, I think General Grant first found his way 
into the hearts of the Confederates when we came to understand 
and appreciate his conduct at Appomattox. 

In the life of every nation there comes a time when its for- 
tune and destiny lie in the hands of one all-powerful man. 
That time came to this country when Lee surrendered to Grant. 
The war had been inaugurated to save and restore the I'nion, 
but in the bitterness engendered by the long conte.st the views 
of many of the Northern leaders had changed. When the end 
finally came the question was. How were the Southern States to 
be treated: were they to be treated as conquered territory and 
their people subjected to confiscation and punishment, or were 
thev to be brought back to their proper places in the Union? 



io6 Address of Mr. Tiirley on the 

It is to be remembered that in all previous civil wars, even 
amongst our Anglo-Saxon ancestors, the victors had imposed 
upon the vanquished the severest punishment. vSuch conflicts 
had always ended in executions, exiles, and imprisonment. 
Was such a policy to be pursued here? The issue rested with 
General Grant. He had beliind him a mighty and devoted 
army and a great people whom lie could sway and bend at will. 
The fate not only of the defeated Confederates, but of the 
victorious North rested with him. If he had raised the cry 
of treason and demanded that Confederate blood, which had 
watered every hill and valley and mountain side in the South, 
should still flow as an expiation and in ignominy and di.sgrace, 
who could have stayed his hand? As we now know, the life of 
the great Lincoln was nearing its close, and there was no other 
man in all the land that could have successfully opposed Grant 
in any course he might have chosen to take toward the South. 
We all realize now that tcj the magnanimous spirit .shown by 
Grant, the liberal terms granted to Lee and his men, and the 
sentiments instilled into the Army and people of the North by 
their great commander is greatly due the speedy and happy 
restoration of the Union, and for this we love and esteem him. 
I do not know, Mr. President, that Grant reasoned out these 
things at that time. Doubtle.ss he did, but it is more pleasing 
to me to believe that his conduct and course on that great occa- 
sion were dictated by his heart. I know, Mr. President, that 
when he rode out that morning to accept the surrender of the 
knightliest soldier the world has ever known he was not filled 
with thoughts of his own glory and his own great achieve- 
ments. On the contrarj', I believe his heart was full of sym- 
pathy for the agony of his great antagonist, and that in every 
starved and ragged Confederate he saw an honored brother in 
arms and a fellow-citizen of a common country. Verily, the 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 107 

glorj- of all his great victories pales into insignificance before 
the glory of his chivalrous conduct on that eventful occasion. 

Mr. President, I do not think of him so much as a great 
commander, nor as President of thi.< country, nor as in his time 
the foremo.st man of the world. I prefer now to remember him 
as the gallant soldier, the simple, kind-hearted, honorable gen- 
tleman, the friend of Lee, and the defender and protector of 
the Confederate soldiers when they sorely needed such a friend 
and protector; and it is as a private from the Confederate ranks, 
as one who believed in the justice and righteou.sne.ss of its 
cause, that I now pay this tribute to his memory. 



io8 Address of Mr. Perkins on the 



Address of Mr. Perkins, of California. 

Mr. President, the statue which is accepted by us to-day is 
that of a man who belono:s to the whole country. No section 
of our land can claim exclusive right to do him honor. He 
stands, and will always stand, with Washington and Lincoln — 
one of the great Americans. I therefore think it fitting that 
those who are not members of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
whose gift to the nation this .statue is, should add their tribute to 
the memory of Ulysses S. Grant. But I may urge my claim 
to this privilege on an additional ground. California is clo.sely 
connected with one period of General Grant's life. He was 
once an officer of a military post in the then fore.st wilderness 
of Humboldt County. It was there that he entered upon his 
duties after his first promotion, and it was thence that he .sent 
the resignation of his commission as captain in the U.iited 
States Army. And during the war, from which he emerged 
the greatest military leader of the time, it was California to 
which he looked longingly as a place where he desired to pass 
the remainder of his days. It was California, too, which gave 
to him the first welcome home after what was almo.st a tri- 
umphant progress around the world — a welcome so heartfelt, 
so enthusiastic, and so proud that there was left no chance to 
doubt the gratitude and affection of the Republic. 

In his career General Grant exhibited those qualities which 
are ever found in great men whose work lives after them. 
Patience, courage, unselfishness, steadfastness, faithfulness to 
duty, loyalty to ideals, persistence in the effort to accomplish 
the end in view — all were manifested in his life and in his 
works. None are better able to attest to the truth of this 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 109 

than his comrades in arms who give this statue. To tliem it 
were as though the marble itself embodied these verj- \-irtues. 
It is not alone GRANT, the victorious general, that the Grand 
Army of the Republic intends this statue to recall. It is not 
simply the Grant of Donelson and A])poniattox. It is the 
Grant of Mexico and California; of St. Louis and Cialena; 
of Washington, New York, and Mount McGregor. Tlirough- 
out his whole career and amid circumstances and cxjieriences 
varying from the peace and calm of tilled fields to the rage 
and storm of battle grounds there was always found that .sol- 
dierly quality which shows itself in atnlity to suffer and to do 
for duty's .sake, and which appeals particularly to the soldier, 
but which is not lost ujxin the men outside the ranks. 

General Gr.\nt was not the fir.st or tlie only one who has 
had to fight his way to an opportunity to make his power for 
usefulness known and recognized; but he was one of the few 
who, confident in themselves, press on in spite of obstacles and 
discouragement and C()n(|Uer success. No part of his career 
appeals more to our sympathy than that during which he 
struggled bravely but ineffectually to provide for his family 
after his resignation from the Army. It was the struggle of 
a loyal and courageous man — of a man loyal to those who 
trusted in him and courageous in the face of a world which 
seemed to be his enemy. Though checked, he was not de- 
feated. His face was always to the front, and he was always 
ready for advance. His opportunity came with the civil war. 
It was with difficulty that he secured a foothold in that Army 
of which he was in a few years to be the head. But, the 
foothold secured, the qualities which he possessed rendered the 
subsequent course of his career certain. There was work for 
honest, loyal, earnest, and conscientious men to do, and he was 
one of those in whom these qualities were notable. With him 



I ro Address of Mr. Perkins on the 

it was not a question of ijiilitary glory; it was a question of 
preservation of the Union. 

Rank was not desired for its political or social prestige, but 
that he might have more freedom to exercise all his powers for 
the nation's welfare. Donelson and Shiloh were not won through 
pride in gold lace and a delight to be on men's tongues. They 
were won through an unselfish devotion to duty, which is the 
soldier's highest quality, and an unfaltering determination that 
such work as lay to his hand should be done. The Grand 
Army of the Republic knows what a leader of that kind means. 
It knows that such a leader is an army in him.self, and under 
him thousands of comrades went willingly to their death believ- 
ing in him, and not one in the ranks of the veterans to-day ever 
hesitated to go where Grant showed the way. The men who 
gained Vicksburg for him and who followed him through the 
Wilderness, leaving a trail of blood behind, had imbibed his 
unselfish loyalty, his persistence in a high aim, and his reali- 
zation of the character and magnitude of the issue. They 
were brave meu, as he was a brave leader, and that bravery 
was no more coii-spicuously shown than at Appomattox, where 
his dismissal of the Confederate soldiers to their homes won 
a greater victory than any he had gained in the field by force 
of arms. 

The terms granted the opposing army upon surrender, that 
"each officer and man will be allowed to return to their homes, 
not to be disturbed by the United States authority so long as 
they observe their parole and the laws in force where they 
reside," and the further provision releasing all claim on the 
captured horses, that the animals might be used in the cultiva- 
tion of the owners' farms, marked the human, tender .spirit of 
the man of war. General Lee's prediction that "this will have 
a most happy effect upon my army" was fully realized. It 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 1 1 1 

was the last, tlie greatest, and the decisive victory of the long 
struggle. By none except by a man having the highest 
human qualities could such a victory have been won. 

Twice after the clo.se of the civil war General Gk.vxt was 
called to the highest place within the gift of the people. As 
President he entered upon a sphere of life which was strange 
to him. Trained in youth to be a soldier, and his later experi- 
ence being that of camps and battlefields, he shrank not from 
the cares, the toils, the thankless labors of the Chief Magistrate 
of the nation. He brought to his new station the same con- 
scientiousue.ss, the same steadfastness, the same devotion to 
duty that had distinguished liim as a soldier, and with them the 
soldier's courage and directness. Though without political 
training, he l>ecame the head of a party, and in.spired within 
it the same loyalty to himself which had been manifested by 
the Army under his command. As there had been soldiers 
who would have marched with him into an>- danger, .so were 
there political followers who would stand with him against all 
odds. He was still the man of Shiloh and of Chattanooga, 
though the battles were fought with ballots and not with 
bullets. 

But in no period of his life was his greatness .so conspicuous 
as in tho.se years when he had thought his labors would be 
ended. He had fought a great fight and had been victorious. 
He had sen-ed the people as their highest representative, and 
had returned to private life bearing with him their love and 
confidence, which it was not in his nature to betray. He 
looked fonvard to a calm enjoyment of a well-earned rest. 
But, as we know, misfortune came — a double misfortune — 
wrecking fortune and bringing death suddenl>' near. Strip- 
ping himself of everything for honor's .sake, he began anew, 
with the soldier's courage, to build up a support for those he 



112 Address of Mr. Perkins on the 

loved and trusted and who depended on him. Scarcely had 
he commenced when he learned that hJs days were numbered. 
But what he had set his hand to do nuist be done, and 
despite physical and mental agony he piessed on. 

It was again the Wilderness in another guise, and, like the 
Wilderness, the struggles led to victory. W^hen he was 
carried to Mount McGregor he had performed his work, but 
he had few days to live; 3'et in those few days shone out as 
never Ijefore the greatness of the man. His last thoughts 
were of that union and peace which he so earnestly desired 
for the countr\- he loved so well — peace and happiness and 
concord among all men within its borders; union of all the 
interests, ambitions, and desires of all the people from ocean 
to ocean. And he spoke of no one but as a friend. The 
fierce enmities engendered by political war and civil conflicts 
had no place in his mind. All were forgiven and forgotten, 
and he died with his heart filled with love for those who had 
despitefuUy used him. Who, who shall say that his greatest 
victory was not won on the summit of Mount McGregor? 

To the members of the Grand Army of the Republic 
belongs the high honor of having served under the command 
of Ulysses S. Grant. But now not only they but every 
American is under the command of that great general's 
precept and example, and as long as we yield obedience so 
long will the Republic mark the furthest limit of human 
progress. 



Acceptance of the Statue of Goieml Ulysses S. Grant. 1 13 



ADDRESS OF MR. TURNER, OF WASHINGTON. 

Mr. President, the ])l()\vsliare of tlie husl)aiulinan has obhter- 
ated from the bosom of mother earth most of the .scars of the 
civil war, and the art of the landscape gardener has transformed 
the grim outlines of many of our domestic battlefields, on which 
brother contended against brother, into beautiful pleasure parks 
in which all may meet to do homage to American valor there 
displayed on l)oth sides in that great conflict. This physical 
transformation has but followed and does but typify the trans- 
formation which has taken place in the feelings of the people of 
both sections of our connnon country. 

The wounds in their hearts, more enduring even than tho.se 
inflicted on physical nature by pick and spade and shot and 
shell, which long marred our national life, have also happily dis- 
appeared. Such as had not been softened and assuaged by the 
hand of time to the point of oliliteration were suddenly healed 
by the crisis which came on the country two years ago, not great 
in it.self, but so moving and compelling in its influence that it 
loosed the springs of patriotism in every heart and swept away, 
as if by magic, the Ijrooding memories of thirty-fi\-e years, 
never, I hope, to return again. 

We live now in the vital, throbbing, arduous duties of the 
present day, not forgetting the past or the memories of valorous 
achievements which it carries for men of both sections, but hold- 
ing them rather as an incentive and spur to jiatriotic endeavor in 
behalf of a country united not in name alone, l)Ut in the very 
hearts of a brave, generous, sympathetic people. It is peculiarly 
fitting that such a time should have been chosen by his comrades 
of the Grand Army of the Republic to erect in our national 
S. Doc. 451 S 



114 Address of Mr. Turner on the 

Rotunda, where it may be seen by all men for all time, the mag^- 
nificent statue which we have seen this day of the great silent 
soldier who sleeps on the banks of the Hudson. 

As he was first in war, so was he first in peace. As he struck 
the hardest blows in conflict, so was his the hand to pour the 
healing balm when the conflict was over. The passions of the 
hour took possession of other men and transported them, but he 
never forgot through it all that it was his brothers against 
whom he had been compelled to draw his sword. He said to 
General Lee at Appomattox, after the preliminaries of the sur- 
render of the Arm\' of Northern \'irginia had been agreed on: 

I will instruct my paroling officers that the enlisted men of your cavalry 
and artiller\- who own their horses shall be permitted to retain them, just 
as the officers do theirs. They will need them for their spring plowing and 
farm work. 

Twenty years later, his life work over, as he stood at bay con- 
fronted by his only conqueror, his thoughts reverted to the dark 
days through which the country had pa.ssed, and his last me.ssage 
to the American people was one of thankfulness that he had been 
.spared long enough to enable him to see for him.self the happy 
harmony which had so suddenly sprung up between those en- 
gaged btit a few years before in deadly conflict. These two 
expressions — the one made in the flush of health and in the mo- 
ment of supreme victory: the other in the solemn hour, when, 
.sick and dispirited, he was closing his account with the world — 
mark the spirit which at all times animated the great heart 
of this great patriot, soldier, and statesman; and because of 
that fact the heart of this nation responds to-day in sympathetic 
approval of this memorial to his achievements and his virtues 
as it would not respond for any otlier man, however eminent in 
war or peace, in the hi.story of our country. 

Although only an ob.scure young man in his day, I knew 



Acceptance of Ihc Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 115 

him very well and received many characteristic kindnesses at 
his hands. I am proud to have the opportunity now to lay 
an hunilile wreath on his tomb and to assist in voiciiiL; the 
universal sentiment in grateful remembrance of the virtues 
exhibited by him and the .great services rendered by him in tlie 
service of the nation. 

Mr. President, this is neither the time nor the place to 
engage in a critical examination of the military career of 
General Gr.vn'T, nor to claim for him cn-er his contemporaries 
on either side supremacy as a connnander. Time would not 
suffice for the one and the occasion is inopportune for the 
other. But that he was a great conuiuuidcr, ranking with 
the greatest in either ancient or modern history, all who are 
familiar with his campaigns nuist admit. If I were to a.ssign 
him a rank among the world's great soldiers, I should .say 
that he was a Moltke and a Wellington combined in one. 

He planned his campaigns with all the care and precision 
of the former, and followed them up with all the .stuljborn 
persistency of the latter. It has been said of him that he 
was "direct as a thunderbolt, tenacious as a bulldog," and 
such, indeed, was the Lict. He had the faculty of seeing 
clearly where he could strike most effectively, and ha\'in,g 
seen his objective, nothing was permitted to di\'ert him from 
delivering the blow with all the strength at his command. 
Although not a student of military history or versed in the 
art of war, I have been struck with one marvelous fact in 
reading the campaigns of General Grant, and that is that 
he was never balked of his ultimate ])urpo.se in any of them 
and that he was but rarely checked. In confirmation of this 
fact, I beg to refer very briefly to some of the re.sults achieved 
by him: but I do this in no invidious spirit, and I am certain 
that all who hear me will acquit me of a purpose to wound 



1 1 6 Address of Mr. Turner on the 

tender susceptibilities or to violate in any degree the pro- 
prieties which should mark this memorable occasion. 

He undertook to open up the Tennessee River in the Middle 
West and to force back the frontiers of the Confederacy to 
the northern line of Alabama and Mississippi. He accom- 
plished this in a series of engagements so brilliant and suc- 
cessful that immediately he became the military idol of the 
North. His work there was never undone at any period 
during the contiiniance of the war. He next undertook to 
cut the Confederacy in two on the line of the Mississippi 
River. How he accomplished this, fighting and defeating his 
adversaries in detail, crowning his work with the capture of 
\'icksburg and the army of General Pemberton, which he 
had forced within the defenses of that city, is a twice-told 
tale which I need not repeat. 

His final and crowning task was the defeat and capture of the 
Army of Northern Virginia. His victories in the South and 
West had made this po.ssible. He had sapped the reserve 
strength of that army and destroyed its recuperative powers. 
Henceforth his objective was General Lee and his army, and 
this objective he pursued relentlessly and persistently, some- 
times checked but never turned aside, sometimes suffering ter- 
rific loss, as might be expected from such an adversary, but 
always advancing in the accomplishment of his purpose, until 
finally he received the surrender of that great soldier, thereby 
bringing the war to a close and restoring the blessings of peace 
to his desolated country. He did his work well, and it is now 
seen and admitted by all, I imagine, that it is well he did his 
work well. 

Mr. President, I shall not stop now to show how the work of 
the .soldier was supplemented by that of the statesman. To do 
so wotild open up a field of investigation too extensive to be 



Acaplance of the Statue of Gfiicial C'/ysses S. Grant. 1 1 7 

entered on here and now. It is sufficient to say that the old 
commander brought to the performance of his civil functions 
the same clearness and singleness of thought and the same 
tenacity of purjwse that had always characterized his nulilary 
operations, and if we are strong to-day where before we were 
weak, and if concord has succeeded discord in the hearts of our 
people, it is attributable largely to his wisdom and courage as a 
statesman and to his broad and generous intluence in softening 
the asperities which followed the close of the civil war. Thai 
he made mistakes may be admitted. Who has not? But his 
reputation is safe, and it will last as long as the American 
Republic endures. 

This memorial which we have received from his comrades is 
useful and valuable in that it gratifies their desire to mark and 
honor his achievements, and in that it presents to his country- 
men in visible form, to move and inspire them, the personality 
of one of our greatest national characters. But it is not needeil 
for his fame. Far from it. The corroding tooth of time will 
wear away and destroy brass and marble, but so long as 
history endures and virtue is honored in the land he served 
so well the name and fame of Ulvsse.s S. Gk.\.xt as patriot, 
soldier, and statesman will find a nienujrial in the hearts of his 
proud and grateful countrymen which neither time nor any 
of its \-icissitudes can wear awa>- or destro\-. 

Mr. President, on the death of General Gk.\xt, General 
Samuel vS. Burdett, of the city of Washington, then the com- 
mander in chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, and now 
the chairman of the connnittee of that organization partici- 
pating in these ceremonies, issued an order expressive of the 
sense of himself and his comrades on the happening of that 
sad and desolating event. That order is found in the pub- 
lished proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Encampment. It 



1 1 8 Address of Mr. Turner on the 

is a chaste but moving and eloquent tribute to the heroic 
dead, and as that fraternal and patriotic organization has been 
silent thus far in these proceedings, save in its letter present- 
ing this statue to the nation, I send the order of General 
Burdett to the Secretary's desk and ask that it may be read 
as a part of my remarks. 

The President pro tempore. The vSecretary will read as 
requested. 

The Secretary read as follows: 

General Orders, No. 3. 

Headqu.'vrters Grand Army of the Republic, 

W'asliington. D. C, July 24, iSS^. 

Expressing the profound grief of his comrades everywhere, the com- 
mander in chief performs the duty of formally announcing the death of 
Comrade Ulvsses S. Gr.\nT, late a member of George G. Meade Post, 
No. I, Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic, which 
occurred at Mount McGregor, New York, on the 23d instant, at 8 o'clock 
and 9 minutes a. ni. 

Comrade Gr.\nT was born at Point Pleasant, Ohio, April 27, 1S22; 
entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, 
July I, 1839, and was graduated therefrom and appointed brevet second 
lieutenant, Fourth Infantry, July i, 1843; promoted second lieutenant 
Sejitember 30, 1845; brevetted first lieutenant September 8, 1847, for gal- 
lant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Molino del Rev, Mexico, 
and captain September 13, 1S47, for gallant conduct at Chapultepec; pro- 
moted first lieutenant September 16, 1S47, and captain .August 5, 1853; 
resigned July 31, 1S54. 

Upon the breaking out of the war of the rebellion he offered his services 
to his countrv without condition, and was commissioned colonel Twenty- 
first Illinois Yolunteers, June 15, 1S61; brigadier-general, August 5, 1861; 
major-general. United States Yolunteers, February 16, 1862; major-general. 
United States Amiy, July 4, 1S63; Lieutenant-General, March 2, 1864; and 
General, July 25, 1866, which last commission he held until vacated March 
4, 1869, b}- reason of his inauguration as President of the United States. 

Upon the demand of his grateful countrymen he was, on March 3, 18S5, 
again made General United States Army ( retired ) , and so died, as was most 
fitting, with the harness of his country upon him. 

He bore the commission of the United States in active service for nine- 
teen years; for seven years he w-as in the presence of actual war. 



Acceptance of the Statue of Gcnoal Ulysses S. Grant. 119 

Measured bv the number of engaj(enients in wliicli he participated; by 
the physical difiiculties met and overcome ; by tlie numbers en},'a<;ed in 
actual battle under his leadership ; by his masterly comprehension and 
quick adaptation of the changing and theretofore untrieil conditions result- 
ing from improvements in arms ; by the vaslness of his strategic combina- 
tions he wisely conceived and successfully guided, and by the results 
achieved for his country, for his countr\ men, for liberty and law every- 
where, he was the peerless soldier of his own age ami witlio\ita su])eriorin 
any other. 

His title to a high place among the statesmen of all time was established 
l)y the supreme wisdom which in the day of final triumph dictated those 
terms of surrender which in the compass of an hour well-nigh healed the 
wounds of four years of war. 

Called bv the imperative voice of his fellow -citizens to the office of Presi- 
dent of the T'nited States, for eight years he stood in their chief place and, 
surrendering then his trust, left to liis successor a country which in every 
element of present strength and promise of future prosperity and glory 
surpassed the dream of the most sanguine. 

Seeking in travel abroad the rest and recreation he had so well earned, 
with only the title of American citizen to connnend him, the great in sta- 
tion, in learning, and in achievement of every land sought to do him honor, 
whilst the humble, crowding his pathway, invoked for him tlie blessing 
which their empty hands could not bestow. 

The chief citizen of a Christian land, he adorned the greatne.ss of his 
public life by the practice of those simple virtues which is the fulfillment 
of the law. 

The sanctities of home— the chief pillars of i>ur State— found in him 
devout observance. In other days the mothers of the land builded altars 
to such as he. 

Consciously marching over the road where only his footprints linger, 
and toward the goal he has now reached, his comrailes of the (.'rrand Army 
make to his memory this their last fraternal salutation. 

It is recommended to department commanders that a day be announced 
in orders upon which the posts in their several jurisdictions may meet in 
open session or otherwise, that each comrade may^ have opportunity to 
pay the tribute of respect his full heart prompts. 

Let the colors at national and department headquarters and of the posts 
be draped, and the usual badge of mourning be worn by all comrades for 
sixty days. 

By command of S. S. Burdett, commander in chief : 

John Cameron, Adjntant-(jciienii. 



I20 Address of Mr. Carter on the 



Address of Mr, Carter, of Montana. 

Mr. President, pulalic joint resolution Xo. 34, appro\-ed by 
the President August 14, 1S90, recites the desire of the posts 
of the Grand Army of tlie Repubhc to testify their affectionate 
and patriotic re.y;ard for their late comrade, General Ulysses 
vS. Grant, b^- presentin.^: a marble statue of General Grant 
to the Congress of the United .States, to be placed in the 
Capitol of the nation. In sympathy with that patriotic desire 
it was provided by the resolution — 

That a .statue in marble, with a proper pedestal, of the late General 
Ulysses S. Gr.ant, tendered by the national encampment of the Grand 
Army of the Republic, shall be received and erected in the Capitol of the 
United States, and shall thereupon become the property of the United 
States: Provided, That the design of such statue and pedestal shall firht 
be submitted to and receive the approval of the Joint Committee on the 
Library. 

By unanimous consent, we to-day lay a.side the unfinished 
business of the Senate to formalh' accept the statue presented 
to Congress in pursuance of the resolution adopted ten years ago. 

This tribute of respect to the memory of the ' ' great com- 
mander " of the Union armies in the war of the rebellion very 
appropriately comes to the nation as the offering of the sur- 
vivors of the mighty armies directed by him in the most deplor- 
able and the most destructive war the world has ever known. 
To recount the actions and the achievements which gave to 
the name of Ulysses S. Grant a guaranty of imperishable 
renown would involve a mere recital of historical facts known 
to the whole civilized world. In the dreadful struggle of war 
and during the period of tempesttiotis passion following the 
return of peace every phase of the character of General Grant 



Acceptayuc of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 121 

was tested in the crucible of fierce, hostile, aud merciless 
criticism. 

Men of all parties and of all sections of our reunited 
country now agfree with one accord that his character has 
enier^^ed from that test unalloved by any base or unworthy 
element. Without note of di.scord from any .source, we accept 
the gift of the Grand Army of the Republic and assign to the 
-Statue of General Gr.\.\t a merited ])lace under the Dome of 
the Capitol of the nation his valor and devotion .so materially 
aided in preserving united, under the Constitution framed by 
our fathers. As visiting dele.gations of the pre.sent and com- 
ing generations pa.ss under the great central Dome of this 
Capitol the .splended marble statue of the generous victor of 
Appomattox there standing will recall to them heroic deeds 
of war and distingui.shed .ser\-ice in civil life, performed with 
dauntle.ss courage and luiaffected simplicity. 

The sculptor could not select from the galaxy of our great 
men. living or dead, a subject better suited to illustrate sim- 
plicity, directness, truthfulne.ss, bravery, .-md lofty courage than 
is found in the features, the life, and the achievements of 
General Gk.vnt. Unaffected as a child, incapable of telling 
or acting a lie, wholly without knowledge of physical fear, 
and po.sses.sed of courage to follow the path of duty through 
pitiless storms of pa.ssion and evil report, this remarkable man 
acquired and will ever hold the affectionate regard of his 
countrymen. In a special manner his name and fame will 
always be treasured by the members of the Grand Army of 
the Republic and their descendants. To the Grand Army 
man Grant was a comrade, an associate, and a friend. His 
name is to his comrades in arms consecrated by the memory 
of common dangers, trials, and sufferings. 

To those of our brethren who wore the grav, recollection of 



122 Address of Mr. Carter on the 

his relentless action on the field of battle was obliterated by 
his chivalrous generosity at the dawn of peace. Compelled 
to plead for peace through the dreadful logic of the cannon's 
mouth, General Grant sought to relieve his antagonist from 
any sense of personal humiliation in the hour of defeat. To 
his generous impulse as much as his valor we owe the speedy 
reunion of the once warring States. 

With the cause of sectional discord removed, we now enjoy 
the blessings of a union based on mutual respect and affec- 
tion. As the centuries come and go the les.sons of our civil 
war will remain to admonish each succeeding generation that 
through the ways of peace alone can vexed problems be 
worked out in the United States. As long as the history of 
that war remains to tell of the sacrifice of life and trea.sure, 
of broken hearts and ruined homes, our children and their 
children, North and vSouth, East and West, will abide together 
in peace and unity. 

Charity and forbearance will always avert resort to arms. 
As we now accept the statue of our distinguished country- 
man, it is surely the fervent prayer of all that Ulvs.SES S. 
Grant may be recorded by the world's historian as the la.st 
commander of Federal armies during a civil war in the United 
States. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 12; 



ADDRESS OF Mr, Allen, of Nebraska, 

Mr. President, I knew nothing: of this service until perhaps an 
hour or more ajjo, and it niisht tie well for me, if I consulted 
my own interest, to permit the occasion to pass in silence. Yet 
as an humble soldier, who served in the ranks under General 
Gk.\xt at a time before ht liad risen to national fame, and as a 
member of the Grand Army of the Re]niblic, I feel that I ought 
not to let this opportunity pa.ss without dropping an observa- 
tion. It was my fortune to know General Gr.\nT as a private 
soldier of tender >-ears would know the distinguished com- 
mander of the army of which he was a part. 

Mr. President, Grant was an ideal .soldier. He was not an 
impulsive man. He was a man of deliberation, of conviction, 
and judgment, and whatever he conceived to be his duty he did, 
regardless of all obstacles that might be thrown in his way, and 
regardle.ss of all persua.sion to the contrary. It must be remem- 
bered, in considering the character and life of this eminent citi- 
zen of our Republic, that he had the rare faculty of calling to 
his assistance and gaining the confidence of the ablest men in 
his army. Sherman, Thomas, Sheridan, the Smiths, Logan, all 
serving in the Western army, were his devoted friends, and 
carried his orders into execution with unerring accuracy. 
Whatever mistakes they may have made, those mistakes were 
looked upon in a kindly spirit by the commander in chief. It 
is due, perhaps, to this fact as much as to anything else that 
General Grant gained the reputation throughout the nation and 
throughout the world of never seeing any fault in his friends. 

Concerning his ci\'il career I know no more than any other 
citizen who has read of his administration of the Government 
as its President for two .succe.ssive terms. As a military man 



124 Address of Mr. Allen on the 

he was, in iiij- jud.tjnieiit, a genius. Napoleon, I think, is 
accredited by the intellectual and the militar>- world with 
being perhaps the most brilliant of all the military chieftains 
produced in ancient or modern times, but Napoleon made his 
mistakes. When Napoleon went south of the Pyrenees Moun- 
tains and invaded Spain it was a military mistake, and the 
world now recognizes that fact. When he left the proper scene 
of action and invaded Moscow it was a mistake that cost 
him isolation and death at St. Helena. If men are to be 
tested in this world by success, Grant was a greater military 
chieftain than Napoleon. 

When Grant, in connnand of the Western army, sought to 
reduce \'icksburg, in which others had failed, he did not invade 
it from the north, but passing on the west bank of the Missis- 
sippi River down to the little town of Bruinsburg, below Port 
Gibson, he there crossed his troops and his trains, and there 
severed 'his communication with the authorities at Washing- 
ton. Between Port Gibson and Jackson and Vicksburg Graxt 
wedged his army between those of Johnston and Pemberton and 
Gardner. Fightin.g in the rear of Port Gibson, he soon drove 
Gardner back into his fortifications, and then, moving with 
unusual celerity to Jackson — the capital of Mi.ssissippi — he 
there engaged Johnston and drove him east of the Pearl River. 
Without waiting for his troops to rest more than an hour he 
retraced his steps, and. meeting Pemberton at Champion Hill, 
he defeated him, dri\-ing him west of the Black River and 
finally into A'ick.sburg, which culminated in a surrender on the 
4th of Jtil}- following. In my judgment no other general who 
lived and took part in the great civil war could have accom- 
plished that great feat. Against Napoleon's mistake in Spain, 
Gk.a.n'T met with victory in his first effort to crush out the 
Confederacy along the Mississippi River. 



Acceptance of the Statue of General Ulysses S. Grant. 125 

From that grew his fame, and his services were demanded 
to take command of tlie Army of the Potomac. When he took 
command of that magnificent army that had been mustered 
and drilled by McClellan and other military chieftains of great 
renown, failure was predicted. Yet with good judgment and 
indomitable courage he fought the wonderful battle of the Wil- 
derness, forcing Lee hack slowly, but nevertheless surely: then 
Spottsylvania; then Cold Harbor. Then came that which a.ston- 
ished the authorities at Washington; he pa.s.sed .south of the 
James River, leaving but a few men between Washington and 
Richmond, and laid siege to Petersburg, which resulted in the 
complete rout in the course of time of Lee's army and the sur- 
render at Appomattox. Those two campaigns, in my judg- 
ment, stamp him as a military genius who far outshines any 
man in modern times. 

Mr. President. General Graxt was a kindly dispo.sed man. 
He was generous and magnanimous to his subordinate com- 
manders. He was always just to his soldiers. He was not a 
martinet. He was never on ])arade. He was easily approach- 
able by the humblest man in the ranks. He listened with 
patience to any complaint made to him. He had it in his 
power when he rose to the command of the Army in chief to 
crush out subordinate commanders. His generasity to Thomas 
at Chattanooga stamped him, Mr. President, not only as a great 
nnlitary chieftain. Init as a mo.st generous and manly man, for 
when sent to take charge of the Army, he did not remove that 
great soldier, but, inspired by him, Thomas led his forces out 
of Chattanooga, and the wonderful battle, or series of battles, 
at Missionary Ridge ensued, with victory to our cause. 

So I might, if the time would warrant and the occasion per- 
mit, poiut out instance after instance of the singular generosity 
and magnanimity of this great chieftain of ours, whose memory 



126 Address of Mr. Allen on the 

we commemorate at this time and whose statue we accept to be 
placed in this Capitol. But above all and beyond all Grant 
was a humanitarian. In war imagination becomes inflamed 
and people speak harshly of those, in authority; and yet Grant 
lived long enough to demonstrate to those whom he was com- 
pelled to confront in grim-visaged war for over five years of our 
national existence that he was their devoted friend in time of 
need. In all the annals of warfare there can not be found a 
more generous or humane action than the orders of Grant at 
the close of the camiiaign and the surrender at Appomattox. 
All these things stani]) him. in my judgment, as one of the 
greatest men of the age. 

I do not believe it is given to one man to know all things; I 
do not believe it is gi\-en to one man to be a great statesman 
and at the same time a great .soldier; and yet, perhaps more 
nearly than any other man we have produced in this country, 
General Grant blended those qualities. He was not, Mr. 
President, ferocious in his nature. He was as mild as a woman, 
kindly to the faults of others, disposed to make life's pathway 
as smooth as possible. He was not unjust or ungenerous to his 
soldiers. He did not ask them to go where he did not lead. 

Mr. President, in all the singular career of this great military 
star of the Western Hemisphere he did not forget the lesson so 
splendidly taught by Gray: 

The boast of heraldry, the pomp of pow'r, 
And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave. 

Await alike the inevitable hour — 
The paths of glory lead but to the grave. 

Grant knew the great truths contained in that stanza. He 
knew — as we all know, as the world knows — that all these serv- 
ices rendered in behalf of humanity, sometimes unpleasant as 
they are, all lead in the performance of our duty to the mysteri- 
ous realm to which we are all rapidh- hastening. 



Acceptance of the Statue pf General Ulysses S. Grant. 127 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. W. J. 
Browning, its Chief Clerk, announced that tlie House had passed 
a concurrent resohition extending tlie thanks of Congress to the 
Grand Arnn- of the RepubHc for the statue of General Uly.sses 
S. GkAxN'T, in which it requested the concurrence of the vSenate. 

The President pro tempore. The Chair lays before the 
Senate resolutions from the House of Representatives, wliich 
will be read. 

The Secretary read as follows: 

I.N THE HorSK OK ReprESEXT.\TIVES, J/ay ig, igoo. 

Resolved by the House of Representatives ( Die Senate concurring ) , That 
the thaiik.s of Coiigres.s be jjiven to the C,raii(I .Vrmy of tlie Reiniblii.: for 
the statue of General Ulvssks S. Grant. 

Resolved, That the statue be accepted and placed in the Capitol, and 
that a copy of the.se resolutions, sijjned by the presiding officers of the 
House of Representatives and the .Senate, be forwarded to the chairman 
of the committee of the Grand Army of the Re])ublic on the Grant 
Memorial. 

Mr. H.A.N.SBRorGH. I move that the Senate concur in the 
resolutions of the House of Representatives. 

The resolutions were unanimously conctirred in. 

Mr. HANSBROfGH. I move that the resolutions that I pre- 
sented at the beginning of these proceedings be withdrawn. 

The motion was a.greed to. 

Mr. H.VXSBROUGH. I move that the vSenate adjourn. 

The motion was agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock and 48 minutes 
p. m. ) the Senate adjourned until Monday, May 21. 1900, at 12 
o'clock m. 



APPENDIX. 



S. Doc. 451 9 



T29 



Report of the Grant Memorial Committee to the 

THIRTY-P-nuRTH NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT, G. A. R., CHI- 
CAGi .. T 29, 1900. 



GRANT MEMORIAL STATUE. 

Your committee on the erection of a marble statue of our 
distinguished comrade, fieneral Ulvssks S. Grant, in the 
Capitol at Washington, take great pleasure in reporting the 
successful completion of their labors. 

It will be remembered that the first statue made by the 
sculptor, Franklin Sinnnons, at Rome, Italy, while entirely 
satisfactory to your connniltee, was not approved by the then 
Connnittee on the Library of the Senate and Hou.se of Rep- 
resentatives. Consequentl>-, under the contract, your com- 
mittee required Mr. Sinunons to complete another full length 
figure, and as a further precaution required, first, the presenta- 
tion of a bust of full size, .so that the Connnittee on the Library 
might have the fullest ojijiortunity to examine the same before 
the artist went to the expense of reproducing it in marble. 

Mr. Sinnnons was so anxious to produce a thoroughly satis- 
factory work that he came from Rome to be ])resent with your 
committee when this model was inspected by the Joint Com- 
mittee on the Library. That committee gave an unciualified 
approval, and we felt that Mr. Simmons would meet our confi- 
dent expectations, Init should not be unduly ha.stened in his 



132 ~ Appendix. 

work, as he had also on hand the large equestrian statue of 
General John A. Logan, to l)e erected in Washington. 

The finished statue reached this country, and was, in the 
mouth of May. placed in position for inspection in the rotunda 
of the Capitol. A close examination by the members of the 
Committee on the Library resulted in their unanimous appro\al 
of tlie work, not only for the successful likeness of (General 
Graxt as he appeared about the close of the war, but al.so 
because it more than favorably compares as a work of art with 
the best statues now in this historic building. 

The statue having thus secured approval, the chairman of 
the Senate Connnittee on Library, Senator Wetmore, of Rhode 
Island, and the chairman of the House Committee, Repre- 
sentative McCleary, of Minnesota, had a numlier of consulta- 
tions with the chairman and secretary of your committee as 
to its official acceptance by Congre.ss. 

It was finally agreed that on the 19th day of Maj', 1900, 
formal services should be held in both the Senate and House 
under arrangements to be made by the chairman of each com- 
mittee, and the.se included the assignment to an honorable 
position on the floor of the Senate and House, by resolu- 
tion, of the officers of the National Plncampmeut and the 
committee representing the Grand Army of the Republic. 
Mrs. Grant and family were .specially provided with .seats 
by the President pro tempore of the .Senate and the Speaker 
of the House. 

Before the formal services in the House it was deemed appro- 
priate that Mrs. Grant and her family should have a private 
view of the statue in its position, and the flag draping the statue 
was formally removed by one of the granddaughters. At this 
simple and touching ser\-ice Acting \'ice-President Frye and 
Speaker D. B. Henderson were pre.sent. 



Apf'ctidix. 133 

In the House your committee were officially received, through 
the courtesy of Speaker Henderson, and took seats assigned 
them. 

The communication of \our committee was then read to the 
House by the clerk thereof, giving a brief statement of the 
work of this connnittee in carrying out the wishes of the 
comradeship of the Grand Army of the Republic, a copy 
of which is herewith included, and, after addresses by mem- 
bers, the following was unanimously adopted: 

A'csolved hy the House of k'cpiesoilaliies (the Senate concurring). 
That tUe thanks of Conj^ress lie jjiven to the Grand Army of the 
Repuhlic for the statue of General ri.vsSKS S. Grant. 

Resiilzid, That the .statue be accepted and ])hiced in the Capitol, and 
that a copy of these re.solutions, ,si<jne<l hy the pre.siding officers of the 
House of Representatives and the Senate, he forwarded to the chairni.in 
of the committee of the Grand Army of the Republic on the Grant 
Memorial. 

Addresses following that of Chairman McCIeary were made 
by Representatives Richardson, of Tennessee ; Warner, of 
Illinois; Cummings, of New York; Berry, of Kentucky; 
Gro.svenor, of Ohio; Linney. of North Carolina; Gard- 
ner, of Michigan; Brosius, of Pennsylvania; and Dolliver, 
of Iowa. 

At the conclusion of the sen-ices in the Hou.se, a resolution 
was offered by Representative McCIeary that, as a mark of 
respect for Mrs. Ulysses S, Grant and her family present, 
and the Grand Army of the Republic, the House do now 
adjourn. 

In the Senate your committee were al.so formally pre.sented, 
and the same order of procedure as to speeches followed. 

Comrade Jo.seph R. Hawley, past junior vice-commander in 
chief, in the absence of Senator Wetmore, chairman, made the 
first address, and was followed by Senator Harris, of Kansas; 



I ,^4 Appendix. 

Turley, of Tennessee; Perkins, of California; Turner, of Wash- 
ington; Carter, of Montana; and Allen, of Nebraska. 

The general order announcing the death of General Grant 
and the proposition to thus erect a plain, simple memorial to 
our comrade, issued by Commander in Chief Burdett, was read 
as part of the remarks of Senator Turner. 

The committee desire to emphasize their acknowledgments 
to Senator Wetmore and Representative McCleary, chairmen of 
the Committees on the Library, for their unfailing courtesy 
and attention to the various details in connection with this 
work. Other members of the committees were also very con- 
siderate. We are also indebted to Mr. Vale, clerk of the 
committee, for his kind attention and assistance. 

A joint resolution was presented in each body to print 
thirteen thou.sand copies of the proceedings, to include a 
portrait of General Gr.\xt and a photogravure of the statue. 
When this book is ready for distribution posts of the Grand 
Army of the Republic will be notified in general orders to 
make application to members of Congress for copies. 

In the opinion of the committee this will fully meet the 
intent of the original resolution, that a photograph of the 
statue should be presented to the posts subscribing, and will 
save con.siderable labor and expen.se. 

In conclusion, while our labors have continued over a num- 
ber of years — nuich l(.)nger than we had reason to anticipate — 
we are plea.sed to thus report the fact of the .satisfactory 
completion of the statue. 

It will add to the deserved fame of the artist, Mr. Franklin 
.Simmons, who first made a model for a bu.st of General Gr.\nt 
when on duty at City Point, and it will be an enduring 
evidence of the affection of the comrades of the Grand Army 
of the Republic for the plain, unostentatious soldier who stands. 



Apl^cndix. 135 

and will forever stand, deservedly in the front rank of the great 
generals of the world, and who yet was glad that he could he 
called a comrade of o-ir organization. 

S. S. BfKDETT, Chairman, 
R. B. Heath, Secre'ary, 
.Skldkn Connor, 
IvDMiNi) S. Grant, 
Ri;ssKi.i. A. Algkr, 
HoRACf'; S. Clark, 

Committee. 

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